Bunea Claudiu-Ioan, Pop Nastasia, Babeş Anca Cristina, Matea Cristian, Dulf Francisc V, Bunea Andrea
Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Chem Cent J. 2012 Jul 4;6(1):66. doi: 10.1186/1752-153X-6-66.
Organic agriculture involve plants which are cultivated without using synthetic pesticides, herbicides or fertilizers and promotes biodiversity, biological cycles and improve the product quality. The carotenoids, total polyphenols and the antioxidant activity from skins of some wine and table grapes cultivated in organic and conventional agriculture were studied.
The main carotenoids identified using high performance liquid chromatography were lutein and ß-carotene. Muscat Ottonel variety has the highest ß-carotene concentration 504.9 μg/kg for organic and 593.2 μg/kg for conventional grapes. For the organic farming, the total polyphenols content were in the range of 163.23 - 1341.37 mg GAE/kg fresh weight (FW) and 148.47 - 1231.38 mg GAE/kg FW for the conventional grapes. The highest ORAC values were obtained for blue-black variety Napoca in both farming system (43.5 ± 0.95 μmol TE/g organic; 40.4 ± 0.5 μmol TE/g conventional) and lowest for Aromat de Iaşi (16.8 ± 0.6 μmol TE/g organic; 14.7 ± 1.6 μmol TE/g conventional). Napoca variety showed also the highest antioxidant activity measured by DPPH method in both cultivated system.
Nine grape varieties cultivated in organic and conventional systems were compared regarding the carotenoids, total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The white grape varieties have a higher carotenoids content compared with the blue-black cultivars while the blue-black varieties contain higher TPC and exhibit higher antioxidant activity (except for Muscat Hamburg-ORAC). Vitis vinifera grape skins originating from wine or table grape varieties can be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.
有机农业涉及不使用合成农药、除草剂或化肥种植的植物，可促进生物多样性、生物循环并提高产品质量。对一些采用有机和传统农业种植的酿酒葡萄和鲜食葡萄果皮中的类胡萝卜素、总多酚及抗氧化活性进行了研究。
采用高效液相色谱法鉴定出的主要类胡萝卜素为叶黄素和β-胡萝卜素。奥托奈麝香葡萄品种的β-胡萝卜素浓度最高，有机种植的为504.9μg/kg，传统种植的为593.2μg/kg。对于有机种植，总多酚含量在163.23 - 1341.37mg GAE/kg鲜重（FW）范围内，传统种植的葡萄为148.47 - 1231.38mg GAE/kg FW。在两种种植系统中，蓝黑色品种纳波卡的氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）值最高（有机种植为43.5±0.95μmol TE/g；传统种植为40.4±0.5μmol TE/g），而雅西芳香葡萄的最低（有机种植为16.8±0.6μmol TE/g；传统种植为14.7±1.6μmol TE/g）。在两种种植系统中，纳波卡品种通过二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）法测得的抗氧化活性也最高。
比较了在有机和传统系统中种植的9个葡萄品种的类胡萝卜素、总多酚和抗氧化活性。白葡萄品种的类胡萝卜素含量高于蓝黑色品种，而蓝黑色品种的总酚含量更高，抗氧化活性也更高（除汉堡麝香葡萄的ORAC值外）。源自酿酒葡萄或鲜食葡萄品种的欧亚葡萄果皮可作为天然抗氧化剂的潜在来源。
