School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
Environ Pollut. 2012 Nov;170:63-70. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.06.009. Epub 2012 Jul 4.
We investigated presence and levels of DDT in 163 breast milk samples from four South African villages where, in three of them, malaria is controlled with DDT-sprayed indoors. Mean ΣDDT levels in breast milk were 18, 11, and 9.5 mg/kg mf (milk fat) from the three DDT-sprayed villages, respectively, including the highest ΣDDT level ever reported for breast milk from South Africa (140 mg/kg mf). Understanding the causes for these differences would be informative for exposure reduction intervention. The Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake (PTDI) for DDT by infants, and the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) were significantly exceeded. DDT had no effect on duration of lactation. There were indications (not significant) from DDT-sprayed villages that first-born female infants drink milk with more ΣDDT than first-born male infants, and vice versa for multipara male and female infants, suggesting gender involvement on levels of DDT in breast milk - requiring further investigation.
我们调查了来自南非四个村庄的 163 份母乳样本中滴滴涕的存在情况和水平，其中三个村庄使用滴滴涕室内喷雾来控制疟疾。来自三个喷洒滴滴涕的村庄的母乳中 ΣDDT 的平均水平分别为 18、11 和 9.5mg/kg mf（乳脂），包括南非有记录以来最高的母乳 ΣDDT 水平（140mg/kg mf）。了解这些差异的原因将有助于减少暴露的干预措施。婴儿的暂定每日耐受摄入量（PTDI）和最大残留限量（MRL）均显著超标。滴滴涕对哺乳期没有影响。有迹象表明（无统计学意义），来自喷洒滴滴涕的村庄的头胎女婴摄入的ΣDDT 多于头胎男婴，而多胎男婴和女婴则相反，这表明滴滴涕在母乳中的水平涉及到性别因素，需要进一步调查。
