Instituto de Biologia, Depto. de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Unicamp, SP, Brazil.
Exp Parasitol. 2012 Oct;132(2):135-43. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Jul 4.
Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease caused by the trematode species Schistosoma mansoni. Chemotherapy is the only immediate recourse to minimize the prevalence and incidence of this disease worldwide. At present, praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice for the treatment of all forms of schistosomiasis. However, dependence on a single drug is concern because some strains can become resistant. In this context, medicinal plants become potential candidates as sources of new drug prototypes. This study provides findings on the schistosomicidal activity of the essential oil of Baccharis trimera in in vitro assays. During the assays parameters such as motility of adult worms, oviposition, morphological changes on the tegument and especially the mortality rate of adult worms of the BH strain were evaluated. The assays, which were carried out with four concentrations - 24, 48, 91 and 130 μg/mL - of the essential oil, have shown a promising activity regarding the parameters under study. It was possible to notice a significant decline in the motility of the worms and a mortality rate of 100% 30 h after they had been exposed to the essential oil in the concentration of 130 μg/mL. Male worms were more susceptible, producing a dose-response effect within a smaller exposition period than female worms. In what refers to morphological changes, the essential oil of B. trimera induced a peeling on the tegument surface, as well as the destruction of tubercles and spines, which resulted in smooth areas on the body surface. The essential oil also caused tegument destruction in female worms, in addition to destruction of the oral and acetabular suckers. It is the first time that the schistosomicidal activity has been reported for essential oil of B. trimera (less) DC.
曼氏血吸虫病是一种由曼氏血吸虫属的吸虫引起的慢性寄生虫病。化疗是减少全球这种疾病流行和发病率的唯一直接手段。目前，吡喹酮（PZQ）是治疗所有形式血吸虫病的首选药物。然而，由于某些菌株可能产生耐药性，对单一药物的依赖令人担忧。在这种情况下，药用植物成为新药物原型的潜在候选物。本研究提供了在体外试验中评估 Baccharis trimera 精油的杀血吸虫活性的研究结果。在试验中，评估了成年虫的运动性、产卵、表皮形态变化，特别是 BH 株成虫的死亡率等参数。这些试验使用了四个浓度（24、48、91 和 130 μg/mL）的精油进行，结果表明，该精油在研究的参数方面具有有前景的活性。在浓度为 130 μg/mL 时，精油暴露 30 小时后，成虫的运动性显著下降，死亡率达到 100%。雄虫比雌虫更容易受到影响，在较小的暴露期内产生剂量反应效应。就形态变化而言，B. trimera 精油诱导表皮表面剥落，以及结节和刺的破坏，导致体表出现光滑区域。精油还破坏了雌性虫的表皮，以及口吸盘和腹吸盘的破坏。这是首次报道 B. trimera（更少）DC 的精油具有杀血吸虫活性。
