Departamento de Química e Biologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Parasitology. 2020 Dec;147(14):1689-1699. doi: 10.1017/S003118202000181X. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
New treatment strategies for schistosomiasis should be evaluated, since resistant strains to the only available drug, Praziquantel, have already been described. Thus, we demonstrated antiparasitic effects of ethanolic extracts of Jatropha gossypiifolia and Piper arboreum on cercariae and adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni. The bioassays were performed at 0-10 000 μg mL-1 concentration for 0-72 h. Adult worms were stained with carmine to assess external and internal damage. The chemical screening was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. P. arboreum displayed the best cercaricidal effect, with a 100% reduction in viability in just 60 min. The extract of J. gossypiifolia was more effective against adult worms, with 100% viability reduction of male and female worms after 12 and 24 h, respectively. P. arboreum and J. gossypiifolia were equally effective in inhibiting the oviposition of S. mansoni (93% reduction) and causing damage to internal and external structures in adult worms. Flavonoids were identified in both the extracts and phenolic compounds and amides only in P. arboreum. Thus, for the first time, it was proven that ethanolic extracts of P. arboreum and J. gossypiifolia leaves are biologically active against cercariae and adult worms of S. mansoni in vitro.
应当评估新的血吸虫病治疗策略，因为已经描述了对唯一可用药物吡喹酮具有抗性的菌株。因此，我们证明了麻疯树和胡椒的乙醇提取物对曼氏血吸虫尾蚴和成虫的驱虫作用。生物测定在 0-10 000 μg mL-1浓度下进行 0-72 h。成虫用胭脂红染色以评估外部和内部损伤。使用高效液相色谱法进行化学筛选。P. arboreum 对尾蚴具有最佳的杀尾蚴作用，仅在 60 分钟内即可将活力降低 100％。J. gossypiifolia 的提取物对成虫更有效，在 12 和 24 h 后分别将雄性和雌性蠕虫的活力降低 100％。P. arboreum 和 J. gossypiifolia 在抑制 S. mansoni 的产卵（降低 93％）和引起成虫内部和外部结构损伤方面同样有效。在两种提取物中都鉴定出了类黄酮，而在 P. arboreum 中仅鉴定出了酚类化合物和酰胺。因此，首次证明了胡椒和麻疯树叶的乙醇提取物在体外对曼氏血吸虫尾蚴和成虫具有生物活性。
