Ushakov A V
Med Parazitol (Mosk). 2012 Apr-Jun(2):3-7.
Investigations were conducted in the context of the landscape-biocenological concept. The formation of water-storage basins in the valley of the Angara River was shown to give rise to the transformation of the morphological structure and hydrological regimen of a landscape, which determined a change in some environmental conditions and factors of a combination of foci and the emergence of others. The morphological structure and hydrological regimen of a landscape, the species composition of ecosystems, the populations of hosts, and their biocenotic relations were transformed due to the direct anthropogenic impact on the landscape. There was an emergence of populations of pathogens, parasitic systems of foci, their functional and spatial structures and a formation of invasion foci as the ecosystems of water-storage basins were transformed. There changes were responsible for the formation of an anthropurgic focus of D. dendriticum and a two-host population-combined natural-anthropurgic focus of diphyllobothriasis - Triaenophorus infection. The susceptibility of hosts, the polyhostality of pathogens, and the mechanisms of their transmission are environmental factors that predetermine the formation of epizootic bases for a combination of foci and, being evolutionally formed and relatively strictly determined, have not undergone cardinal changes in the anthropologically transformed landscape.
研究是在景观生物群落学概念的背景下进行的。结果表明，安加拉河谷蓄水盆地的形成导致了景观形态结构和水文状况的转变，这决定了一些环境条件和疫源地组合因素的变化以及其他因素的出现。由于对景观的直接人为影响，景观的形态结构和水文状况、生态系统的物种组成、宿主种群及其生物群落关系发生了转变。随着蓄水盆地生态系统的转变，出现了病原体种群、疫源地的寄生系统、它们的功能和空间结构以及入侵疫源地的形成。这些变化导致了树枝状绦虫人为疫源地的形成以及双叶槽绦虫-三枝槽绦虫感染的双宿主种群合并自然-人为疫源地的形成。宿主的易感性、病原体的多宿主性及其传播机制是预先决定疫源地组合流行基础形成的环境因素，并且在进化过程中形成且相对严格确定，在人为改造的景观中并未发生根本性变化。
