Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
Pharm Biol. 2012 Aug;50(8):1062-6. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2012.655859.
Hyssopus angustifolius M. Bieb. (Lamiaceae) is one of the most important medicinal plants in Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of lung inflammation, laryngitis and cough relief. Much attention has been paid to this medicinal plant because of its traditional uses.
The present study examined the antioxidant and antihemolytic activities of ethyl acetate extract of stems, leaf and flowers of Hyssopus angustifolius.
Antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by employing six different models, i.e., DPPH, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging, metal chelating and reducing power activities and hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid system. Also, antihemolytic activity was evaluated against hydrogen peroxide-induced hemolysis.
Flowers extract showed the better activity than leaf and stems extracts in DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ was 275.4 ± 7.6 μg mL⁻¹). Leaf, stems and flowers extracts showed good nitric oxide scavenging activity (IC₅₀ were 376.6 ± 11.4 µg mL⁻¹ for flowers, 297.6 ± 9.6 μg mL⁻¹ µg mL⁻¹ for leaves and 837.8 ± 19.2 µg mL⁻¹ for stems). The leaf extract exhibited better hydrogen peroxide scavenging and Fe²⁺ chelating activity than stems and flowers extracts. In hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid system, all of the extracts exhibited very good activity. Also, extracts show weak reducing power activity. The ethyl acetate extract of leaf showed better antihemolytic activity than the flower and stems (IC₅₀ was 94.0 ± 2.4 μg mL⁻¹).
These findings give a scientific basis to the traditional usage of Hyssopus angustifolius, also showing its potential as rich sources of natural antioxidant compounds.
牛膝草（唇形科）是伊朗传统医学中治疗肺部炎症、喉炎和止咳的最重要药用植物之一。由于其传统用途，人们对这种药用植物给予了极大的关注。
本研究考察了牛膝草茎、叶和花的乙酸乙酯提取物的抗氧化和抗溶血活性。
采用 DPPH、一氧化氮和过氧化氢清除、金属螯合和还原能力以及血红蛋白诱导的亚油酸体系等六种不同模型评价提取物的抗氧化活性。同时，还评价了提取物对过氧化氢诱导的溶血的抗溶血活性。
花提取物在 DPPH 自由基清除活性方面表现出比叶和茎提取物更好的活性（IC₅₀为 275.4 ± 7.6 μg mL⁻¹）。叶、茎和花提取物均表现出良好的一氧化氮清除活性（花提取物的 IC₅₀为 376.6 ± 11.4 µg mL⁻¹，叶提取物的 IC₅₀为 297.6 ± 9.6 µg mL⁻¹，茎提取物的 IC₅₀为 837.8 ± 19.2 µg mL⁻¹）。叶提取物在过氧化氢清除和 Fe²⁺螯合活性方面优于茎和花提取物。在血红蛋白诱导的亚油酸体系中，所有提取物均表现出非常好的活性。此外，提取物还表现出较弱的还原能力。叶的乙酸乙酯提取物表现出比花和茎更好的抗溶血活性（IC₅₀为 94.0 ± 2.4 μg mL⁻¹）。
这些发现为牛膝草的传统用途提供了科学依据，同时也表明其具有作为天然抗氧化化合物丰富来源的潜力。
