Dept. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University-CIBERNED-IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2012 Nov;38(7):911-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Jul 7.
Breast cancer is a very common disease that affects approximately 1 in 10 women at some point in their lives. Importantly, breast cancer cannot be considered a single disease as it is characterized by distinct pathological and molecular subtypes that are treated with different therapies and have diverse clinical outcomes. Although some highly successful treatments have been developed, certain breast tumors are resistant to conventional therapies and a considerable number of them relapse. Therefore, new strategies are urgently needed, and the challenge for the future will most likely be the development of individualized therapies that specifically target each patient's tumor. Experimental evidence accumulated during the last decade supports that cannabinoids, the active components of Cannabis sativa and their derivatives, possess anticancer activity. Thus, these compounds exert anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-migratory and anti-invasive actions in a wide spectrum of cancer cells in culture. Moreover, tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis are hampered by cannabinoids in xenograft-based and genetically-engineered mouse models of cancer. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the anti-tumor potential of cannabinoids in breast cancer, which suggests that cannabinoid-based medicines may be useful for the treatment of most breast tumor subtypes.
乳腺癌是一种非常常见的疾病，大约有 10%的女性在其一生中的某个时刻会受到影响。重要的是，乳腺癌不能被视为一种单一的疾病，因为它具有不同的病理和分子亚型，这些亚型采用不同的治疗方法，具有不同的临床结局。尽管已经开发出了一些非常成功的治疗方法，但某些乳腺癌肿瘤对常规治疗具有耐药性，其中相当一部分会复发。因此，迫切需要新的策略，未来的挑战很可能是开发针对每个患者肿瘤的个体化治疗方法。过去十年积累的实验证据表明，大麻素（大麻的活性成分及其衍生物）具有抗癌活性。因此，这些化合物在培养的多种癌细胞中表现出抗增殖、促凋亡、抗迁移和抗侵袭作用。此外，大麻素在异种移植和基因工程小鼠癌症模型中抑制肿瘤生长、血管生成和转移。这篇综述总结了我们目前对大麻素在乳腺癌中的抗肿瘤潜力的认识，这表明基于大麻素的药物可能对大多数乳腺癌肿瘤亚型有用。
