Hannover Medical School (MHH), Institute for Cellular Chemistry (OE 4330), Hannover, Germany.
J Virol. 2012 Oct;86(19):10384-98. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00801-12. Epub 2012 Jul 11.
Bacteriophage phi92 is a large, lytic myovirus isolated in 1983 from pathogenic Escherichia coli strains that carry a polysialic acid capsule. Here we report the genome organization of phi92, the cryoelectron microscopy reconstruction of its virion, and the reinvestigation of its host specificity. The genome consists of a linear, double-stranded 148,612-bp DNA sequence containing 248 potential open reading frames and 11 putative tRNA genes. Orthologs were found for 130 of the predicted proteins. Most of the virion proteins showed significant sequence similarities to proteins of myoviruses rv5 and PVP-SE1, indicating that phi92 is a new member of the novel genus of rv5-like phages. Reinvestigation of phi92 host specificity showed that the host range is not limited to polysialic acid-encapsulated Escherichia coli but includes most laboratory strains of Escherichia coli and many Salmonella strains. Structure analysis of the phi92 virion demonstrated the presence of four different types of tail fibers and/or tailspikes, which enable the phage to use attachment sites on encapsulated and nonencapsulated bacteria. With this report, we provide the first detailed description of a multivalent, multispecies phage armed with a host cell adsorption apparatus resembling a nanosized Swiss army knife. The genome, structure, and, in particular, the organization of the baseplate of phi92 demonstrate how a bacteriophage can evolve into a multi-pathogen-killing agent.
噬菌體 phi92 是一種大型裂解性肌毛病毒，於 1983 年從帶有多聚唾液酸囊的致病性大腸桿菌菌株中分離得到。本文報告了 phi92 的基因組組織、其病毒粒子的冷電子顯微鏡重建，以及其宿主特異性的重新研究。該基因組由一條線性的雙鏈 148612bp DNA 序列組成，其中包含 248 個潛在的開放閱讀框和 11 個假定的 tRNA 基因。在預測的蛋白中發現了 130 個同源蛋白。大多數病毒粒子蛋白與肌毛病毒 rv5 和 PVP-SE1 的蛋白有顯著的序列相似性，表明 phi92 是 rv5 樣噬菌體新屬的一個新成員。phi92 宿主特異性的重新研究表明，宿主範圍並不限於多聚唾液酸包被的大腸桿菌，還包括大多數實驗室大腸桿菌菌株和許多沙門氏菌菌株。phi92 病毒粒子的結構分析表明，存在四種不同類型的尾部纖維和/或尾部刺，使噬菌體能夠利用包被和非包被細菌上的附著位點。本報告首次詳細描述了一種多價、多物種噬菌體，其具有類似納米級瑞士軍刀的宿主細胞吸附裝置。phi92 的基因組、結構，尤其是基板的組織，展示了噬菌體如何演變成一種多種病原殺滅劑。
