Dennehy Penelope H
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
Adv Pediatr. 2012;59(1):47-74. doi: 10.1016/j.yapd.2012.04.002.
Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe diarrhea disease in infants and young children worldwide and continues to have a major global impact on childhood morbidity and mortality. Vaccination is the only control measure likely to have a significant impact on the incidence of severe dehydrating rotavirus disease. Rotavirus vaccines have reduced the burden of rotavirus disease in the United States. Long-term monitoring will need to continue to assess the effects of rotavirus immunization programs and epidemiologic strain surveillance is necessary to determine whether changes in strain ecology will affect the rotavirus vaccine effectiveness and whether rotaviruses with the ability to evade vaccine immunity emerge.
轮状病毒感染是全球婴幼儿严重腹泻疾病的最常见病因，并且继续对儿童发病率和死亡率产生重大的全球影响。接种疫苗是唯一可能对严重脱水的轮状病毒疾病发病率产生重大影响的控制措施。轮状病毒疫苗已减轻了美国轮状病毒疾病的负担。需要继续进行长期监测，以评估轮状病毒免疫规划的效果，并且有必要开展流行病学毒株监测，以确定毒株生态变化是否会影响轮状病毒疫苗的效力，以及是否会出现具有逃避疫苗免疫能力的轮状病毒。
