Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
J Pers Assess. 2011 Jul;93(4):380-9. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2011.577475.
Assessment of personality disorders (PD) has been hindered by reliance on the problematic categorical model embodied in the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Model of Mental Disorders (DSM), lack of consensus among alternative dimensional models, and inefficient measurement methods. This article describes the rationale for and early results from a multiyear study funded by the National Institute of Mental Health that was designed to develop an integrative and comprehensive model and efficient measure of PD trait dimensions. To accomplish these goals, we are in the midst of a 5-phase project to develop and validate the model and measure. The results of Phase 1 of the project--which was focused on developing the PD traits to be assessed and the initial item pool--resulted in a candidate list of 59 PD traits and an initial item pool of 2,589 items. Data collection and structural analyses in community and patient samples will inform the ultimate structure of the measure, and computerized adaptive testing will permit efficient measurement of the resultant traits. The resultant Computerized Adaptive Test of Personality Disorder (CAT-PD) will be well positioned as a measure of the proposed DSM-5 PD traits. Implications for both applied and basic personality research are discussed.
人格障碍（PD）的评估受到了阻碍，原因是过分依赖于最新的《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》（DSM）中所体现的有问题的分类模式、替代维度模型之间缺乏共识以及效率低下的测量方法。本文描述了由美国国立精神卫生研究所资助的一项多年研究的基本原理和早期结果，该研究旨在开发一种综合和全面的人格障碍特质维度模型和有效测量方法。为了实现这些目标，我们正在进行一个 5 阶段的项目，以开发和验证模型和测量方法。该项目的第 1 阶段的结果——专注于开发要评估的 PD 特质和初始项目池——产生了一个 59 个 PD 特质的候选列表和一个包含 2589 个项目的初始项目池。在社区和患者样本中的数据收集和结构分析将为该测量方法的最终结构提供信息，而计算机化自适应测试将允许对所得特质进行高效测量。由此产生的人格障碍计算机化自适应测试（CAT-PD）将成为测量 DSM-5 人格障碍特质的良好工具。本文还讨论了其对应用和基础人格研究的影响。
