Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University, 60 Haven Avenue B-2, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Bull World Health Organ. 2012 Jul 1;90(7):495-503. doi: 10.2471/BLT.11.092494. Epub 2012 Apr 11.
To determine participation in polio supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) in sub-Saharan Africa among users and non-users of routine immunization services and among users who were compliant or non-compliant with the routine oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) immunization schedule.
Data were obtained from household-based surveys in non-polio-endemic sub-Saharan African countries. Routine immunization service users were children (aged < 5 years) who had ever had a health card containing their vaccination history; non-users were children who had never had a health card. Users were considered compliant with the OPV routine immunization schedule if, by the SIA date, their health card reflected receipt of required OPV doses. Logistic regression measured associations between SIA participation and use of both routine immunization services and compliance with routine OPV among users.
Data from 21 SIAs conducted between 1999 and 2010 in 15 different countries met inclusion criteria. Overall SIA participation ranged from 70.2% to 96.1%. It was consistently lower among infants than among children aged 1-4 years. In adjusted analyses, participation among routine immunization services users was > 85% in 12 SIAs but non-user participation was >85% in only 5 SIAs. In 18 SIAs, participation was greater among users (P < 0.01 in 16, 0.05 in 1 and < 0.10 in 1) than non-users. In 14 SIAs, adjusted analyses revealed lower participation among non-compliant users than among compliant users (P < 0.01 in 10, < 0.05 in 2 and < 0.10 in 2).
Large percentages of children participated in SIAs. Prior use of routine immunization services and compliance with the routine OPV schedule showed a strong positive association with SIA participation.
确定撒哈拉以南非洲常规免疫服务使用者和非使用者、以及常规口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）免疫接种时间表遵守者和不遵守者中，参与脊髓灰质炎补充免疫活动（SIA）的情况。
数据来自于撒哈拉以南非洲无脊髓灰质炎流行国家的基于家庭的调查。常规免疫服务使用者为有疫苗接种史的儿童（<5 岁），其曾持有包含其接种记录的保健卡；非使用者为从未持有保健卡的儿童。如果在 SIA 日期，其保健卡显示已接种所需 OPV 剂量，则使用者被认为遵守了 OPV 常规免疫接种时间表。逻辑回归衡量了 SIA 参与情况与常规免疫服务的使用以及使用者遵守常规 OPV 之间的关联。
1999 年至 2010 年间在 15 个不同国家进行的 21 次 SIA 符合纳入标准。总体 SIA 参与率从 70.2%到 96.1%不等。在调整分析中，12 次 SIA 中常规免疫服务使用者的参与率>85%，但只有 5 次 SIA 中非使用者的参与率>85%。在 18 次 SIA 中，使用者的参与率高于非使用者（16 次中 16 次有统计学意义，1 次为 0.05，1 次为 0.10）。在 14 次 SIA 中，调整分析显示不遵守者的参与率低于遵守者（10 次中有统计学意义，2 次为 0.05，2 次为 0.10）。
大量儿童参与了 SIA。先前使用常规免疫服务和遵守常规 OPV 时间表与 SIA 参与率呈强正相关。
