King's College London School of Medicine, University of London, London, UK.
Global Health. 2012 Jul 23;8:28. doi: 10.1186/1744-8603-8-28.
To document the prevalence of overweight, obesity and thinness in 9-10 year old children in Mauritius.
412 boys and 429 girls aged 9-10 years from 23 primary schools were selected using stratified cluster random sampling. All data was cross-sectional and collected via anthropometry and self-administered questionnaire. Outcome measures were BMI (kg/m2), prevalence of overweight, obesity (International Obesity Task Force definitions) and thinness (low BMI for age). Linear and logistic regression analyses, accounting for clustering at the school level, were used to assess associations between gender, ethnicity, school location, and school's academic performance (average) to each outcome measure.
The distribution of BMI was marginally skewed with a more pronounced positive tail in the girls. Median BMI was 15.6 kg/m2 in boys and 15.4 kg/m2 in girls, respectively. In boys, prevalence of overweight was 15.8% (95% CI: 12.6, 19.6), prevalence of obesity 4.9% (95% CI: 3.2, 7.4) and prevalence of thinness 12.4% (95% CI: 9.5, 15.9). Among girls, 18.9% (95% CI: 15.5, 22.9) were overweight, 5.1% (95% CI: 3.4, 7.7) were obese and 13.1% (95% CI: 10.2, 16.6) were thin. Urban children had a slightly higher mean BMI than rural children (0.5 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.01, 1.00) and were nearly twice as likely to be obese (6.7% vs. 4.0%; adjusted odds ratio 1.6; 95% CI: 0.9, 3.5). Creole children were less likely to be classified as thin compared to Indian children (adjusted odds ratio 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.6).
Mauritius is currently in the midst of nutritional transition with both a high prevalence of overweight and thinness in children aged 9-10 years. The coexistence of children representing opposite sides of the energy balance equation presents a unique challenge for policy and interventions. Further exploration is needed to understand the specific causes of the double burden of malnutrition and to make appropriate policy recommendations.
记录毛里求斯 9-10 岁儿童超重、肥胖和消瘦的流行情况。
采用分层整群随机抽样方法，从 23 所小学中抽取 412 名男孩和 429 名 9-10 岁女孩。所有数据均为横断面数据，通过人体测量和自我管理问卷收集。结果测量为 BMI（kg/m2）、超重（国际肥胖工作组定义）、肥胖（%）和消瘦（低 BMI 年龄）的患病率。线性和逻辑回归分析，考虑到学校层面的聚类，用于评估性别、种族、学校地理位置以及学校学业成绩（平均水平）与每个结果测量之间的关联。
BMI 的分布略有偏态，女孩的正偏度更为明显。男孩的 BMI 中位数为 15.6kg/m2，女孩为 15.4kg/m2。男孩中，超重的患病率为 15.8%（95%可信区间：12.6，19.6），肥胖的患病率为 4.9%（95%可信区间：3.2，7.4），消瘦的患病率为 12.4%（95%可信区间：9.5，15.9）。在女孩中，18.9%（95%可信区间：15.5，22.9）超重，5.1%（95%可信区间：3.4，7.7）肥胖，13.1%（95%可信区间：10.2，16.6）消瘦。城市儿童的平均 BMI 略高于农村儿童（0.5kg/m2，95%可信区间：0.01，1.00），肥胖的可能性几乎是农村儿童的两倍（6.7%对 4.0%；调整后的优势比 1.6；95%可信区间：0.9，3.5）。克里奥尔儿童消瘦的可能性比印度儿童低（调整后的优势比 0.3，95%可信区间：0.2，0.6）。
毛里求斯目前正处于营养转型期，9-10 岁儿童超重和消瘦的患病率均较高。代表能量平衡方程两端的儿童共存，给政策和干预措施带来了独特的挑战。需要进一步探讨以了解营养不良双重负担的具体原因，并提出适当的政策建议。
