Hecht Stephen S, Murphy Sharon E, Stepanov Irina, Nelson Heather H, Yuan Jian-Min
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
Cancer Lett. 2013 Jun 28;334(1):34-8. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.07.016. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
Metabolites of tobacco smoke constituents can be quantified in urine and other body fluids providing a realistic measure of carcinogen and toxicant dose in a smoker. Many previous studies have demonstrated that these metabolites - referred to as biomarkers in this paper - are related to tobacco smoke exposure. The studies reviewed here were designed to answer another question: are these substances also biomarkers of cancer risk? Using a prospective study design comparing biomarker levels in cancer cases and controls, all of whom were smokers, the results demonstrate that several of these biomarkers - total cotinine, total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), r-1-,t-2,3,c-4-tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene (PheT), and total N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) - are biomarkers of cancer risk. Therefore, these biomarkers have the potential to become part of a cancer risk prediction algorithm for smokers.
烟草烟雾成分的代谢产物可在尿液和其他体液中进行定量分析，从而为吸烟者体内致癌物和毒物剂量提供切实可行的衡量标准。此前的许多研究已表明，这些代谢产物（本文中称为生物标志物）与接触烟草烟雾有关。这里所综述的研究旨在回答另一个问题：这些物质是否也是癌症风险的生物标志物？通过一项前瞻性研究设计，比较癌症病例与对照（均为吸烟者）的生物标志物水平，结果表明其中几种生物标志物——总可替宁、总4-（甲基亚硝胺基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁醇（NNAL）、r-1-、t-2,3、c-4-四羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢菲（PheT）以及总N'-亚硝基降烟碱（NNN）——是癌症风险的生物标志物。因此，这些生物标志物有可能成为吸烟者癌症风险预测算法的一部分。
