Desalu Olufemi Olumuyiwa, Ojo Ololade Olusola, Ariyibi Ebenezer Kayode, Kolawole Tolutope Fasanmi, Ogunleye Ayodele Idowu
University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2012;12:2. Epub 2012 May 3.
The use of solid fuels for cooking is associated with indoor pollution and lung diseases. The objective of the study was to determine the pattern and determinants of household sources of energy for cooking in rural and urban South Western, Nigeria.
We conducted a cross sectional study of households in urban (Ado-Ekiti) and rural (Ido-Ekiti) local council areas from April to July 2010. Female respondents in the households were interviewed by trained interviewers using a semi-structured questionnaire.
A total of 670 households participated in the study. Majority of rural dwellers used single source of energy for cooking (55.6%) and urban dwellers used multiple source of energy (57.8%). Solid fuel use (SFU) was higher in rural (29.6%) than in urban areas (21.7%). Kerosene was the most common primary source of energy for cooking in both urban and rural areas (59.0% vs.66.6%) followed by gas (17.8%) and charcoal (6.6%) in the urban areas, and firewood (21.6%) and charcoal (7.1%) in the rural areas. The use of solid fuel was strongly associated with lack of ownership of dwellings and larger household size in urban areas, and lower level of education and lower level of wealth in the rural areas. Kerosene was associated with higher level of husband education and modern housing in urban areas and younger age and indoor cooking in rural areas. Gas was associated with high income and modern housing in the urban areas and high level of wealth in rural areas. Electricity was associated with high level of education, availability of electricity and old age in urban and rural areas respectively.
The use of solid fuel is high in rural areas, there is a need to reduce poverty and improve the use of cleaner source of cooking energy particularly in rural areas and improve lung health.
使用固体燃料烹饪与室内污染和肺部疾病有关。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚西南部城乡家庭烹饪能源的来源模式及影响因素。
2010年4月至7月，我们对城市（阿多-埃基蒂）和农村（伊多-埃基蒂）地方议会辖区的家庭进行了横断面研究。由经过培训的访谈员使用半结构化问卷对家庭中的女性受访者进行访谈。
共有670户家庭参与了研究。大多数农村居民使用单一能源烹饪（55.6%），而城市居民使用多种能源（57.8%）。农村地区固体燃料的使用（29.6%）高于城市地区（21.7%）。煤油是城乡地区最常见的主要烹饪能源（分别为59.0%和66.6%），其次是城市地区的天然气（17.8%）和木炭（6.6%），以及农村地区的柴火（21.6%）和木炭（7.1%）。在城市地区，固体燃料的使用与住房所有权缺失和家庭规模较大密切相关，而在农村地区则与教育水平较低和财富水平较低相关。在城市地区，煤油与丈夫的较高教育水平和现代住房相关，在农村地区则与较年轻的年龄和室内烹饪相关。天然气在城市地区与高收入和现代住房相关，在农村地区与高财富水平相关。电力在城市和农村地区分别与高教育水平、电力供应和老年人相关。
农村地区固体燃料的使用比例较高，有必要减少贫困，特别是在农村地区推广使用更清洁的烹饪能源，以改善肺部健康。
