Sottas Pierre-Edouard, Vernec Alan
World Anti-Doping Agency, Avenue de Rhodanie 54, 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Bioanalysis. 2012 Jul;4(13):1645-52. doi: 10.4155/bio.12.130.
During the last four decades, the main instrument at the disposal of anti-doping authorities has been the detection of prohibited substances in biological samples collected from athletes. However, the availability of substances identical to those produced by the human body, such as EPO, testosterone and GH, necessitated a new drug-testing paradigm. From the early 2000's, the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) was proposed as an alternative means to drug testing. Doping leaves a characteristic fingerprint on the biology of the athlete and the ABP is used to prove the act of doping from the detection of that fingerprint. Once a biomarker of doping is implemented in the ABP, it will continue to remain valid and should be able to detect the physiological changes brought on by performance-enhancing drugs that have not yet been invented. However, the sensitivity of the ABP to detect doping is limited if the physiological result of a low level of doping remains within the individual's own reference range. Recent advances in proteomics and metabolomics show the huge potential of the ABP.
在过去的四十年里，反兴奋剂机构所掌握的主要手段一直是检测从运动员身上采集的生物样本中是否含有违禁物质。然而，由于存在与人体自身产生的物质相同的物质，如促红细胞生成素（EPO）、睾酮和生长激素（GH），因此需要一种新的药物检测模式。从21世纪初开始，运动员生物护照（ABP）被提议作为药物检测的替代手段。使用兴奋剂会在运动员的生物学特征上留下独特的印记，而ABP则通过检测该印记来证明使用兴奋剂的行为。一旦ABP中采用了一种兴奋剂生物标志物，它将持续有效，并且应该能够检测出尚未发明的提高成绩药物所带来的生理变化。然而，如果低剂量使用兴奋剂的生理结果仍在个体自身的参考范围内，ABP检测兴奋剂的灵敏度就会受到限制。蛋白质组学和代谢组学的最新进展显示了ABP的巨大潜力。
