Vargas-Mendoza Nancy, Fregoso-Aguilar Tomás, Madrigal-Santillán Eduardo, Morales-González Ángel, Morales-González José A
Área Académica de Nutrición, ICSa, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca de Soto CP42000, Mexico.
Depto. de Fisiología, Laboratorio de Hormonas y Conducta, ENCB Campus Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07700, Mexico.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2018 Sep 3;8(9):78. doi: 10.3390/bs8090078.
: The need to advance and achieve success is deeply ingrained in human evolution. As a species, humans developed instincts that allowed them to survive and transmit their genes along generations. The will to win is an instinct that has been maintained in the species for millions of years. Sport is an activity as old as humans themselves and is subject to rules; : The proposal of this work is to explore some of the most recurrent practices to achieve the athletes' goals, and the origins and historical use of methods or substances to improve performance and its regulation, as well as to review the impact of new technologies on achieving better results and to make a proposal of what actions should be takenin order to prevent bad practices; : A narrative literature review of ethical sports issues and decision-making was performed in the English language; : Practically all behavior with regards to the theme of sports is regulated by ethical codes that must be followed by sportspersons, as well as by everyone involved in the athlete's healthcare and in the athlete's administrative, marketing, and business aspects. Notwithstanding this, winning and reaping glory implies a reward far greater than fame and fortune, which can lead to poor ethical practices in athletes, as well as in interested parties who detract from the intrinsic value of the spirit of sports. The will to win could exceed the limits of what is permitted in fair-play, like the use of prohibited methods or substances; : In this work, we review some of the bioethical aspects ofsports. Additionally, recommendations are offered for good practices and to prevent falling into poor ethical behavior.
追求进步与取得成功的需求深深植根于人类进化之中。作为一个物种，人类发展出了使其得以生存并将基因代代相传的本能。求胜的意志是一种在这个物种中延续了数百万年的本能。体育是一项与人类自身一样古老且有规则可循的活动。
本研究的目的是探索一些实现运动员目标的常见做法，以及提高成绩的方法或物质的起源、历史用途及其监管情况，同时审视新技术对取得更好成绩的影响，并就应采取哪些行动来防止不良做法提出建议。
我们用英语对体育伦理问题和决策进行了叙述性文献综述。
实际上，几乎所有与体育主题相关的行为都受到道德规范的约束，运动员以及参与运动员医疗保健、行政管理、市场营销和商业活动的每一个人都必须遵守这些规范。尽管如此，获胜并收获荣耀意味着获得远不止名誉和财富的回报，这可能导致运动员以及那些贬低体育精神内在价值的相关方出现不良道德行为。求胜的意志可能会超越公平竞争所允许的界限，比如使用被禁止的方法或物质。
在这项研究中，我们审视了体育的一些生物伦理方面的问题。此外，我们还提供了良好做法的建议，以防止陷入不良道德行为。
