Section of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2012 Oct;2(5):561-8. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
We describe the creative ways that virologists are leveraging experimental cross-species infections to study the interactions between viruses and hosts. While viruses are usually well adapted to their hosts, cross-species approaches involve pairing viruses with species that they do not naturally infect. These cross-species infections pit viruses against animals, cell lines, or even single genes from foreign species. We highlight examples where cross-species infections have yielded insights into mechanisms of host innate immunity, viral countermeasures, and the evolutionary interplay between viruses and hosts.
我们描述了病毒学家利用实验性跨物种感染来研究病毒和宿主之间相互作用的创造性方法。虽然病毒通常与它们的宿主很好地适应，但跨物种方法涉及将病毒与它们自然不感染的物种配对。这些跨物种感染使病毒与动物、细胞系甚至来自外国物种的单个基因对抗。我们强调了跨物种感染在宿主先天免疫机制、病毒对策以及病毒和宿主之间的进化相互作用方面产生新见解的例子。
