C.T. Lamont Primary Health Care Research Centre, Bruyère Research Institute, 43 Bruyère Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 5C8, Canada.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2013 May-Jun;9(3):288-301. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.05.005. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
Interprofessional teams are forming in primary health care. Little is known about how health care professional roles and routines develop in this environment.
This article describes the evolving routines of pharmacists working in new interprofessional teams, their perceptions of their roles, and perceptions of other providers toward the pharmacist role.
Ethnographic methods were used. Qualitative data derived from practice documents, field notes from practice activity and provider-patient interaction observations, and transcripts from interviews with patients and practice staff were analyzed in an exploratory manner using a constant comparative approach and immersion/crystallization. For this article, data pertaining to the role of pharmacists comprised a case study subanalysis.
Two typologies emerged with some pharmacists found to be (1) physician oriented: responding to physician requests for drug information and other projects, and others found to be (2) working at multiple levels of interaction: providing patient-centered care, provider education/information, and initiating system-level interventions to improve drug therapy.
Pharmacist routines and their own perception of their roles differed across interprofessional teams. Differences could be attributed to different educational background, philosophy of practice or characteristics of individual pharmacists, and also affected by leadership and communication within family health teams (FHTs). FHT leaders wanting to include a pharmacist to improve medication therapy should demonstrate leadership and vision by articulating needs and hiring a pharmacist with matching knowledge, skills, and qualities. A similar, generic approach may be useful to determine the need for and roles of any health care professional joining the team.
跨专业团队正在组建基层医疗服务团队。目前，人们对这种环境下医疗保健专业人员角色和常规工作的发展变化知之甚少。
本文描述了在新的跨专业团队中工作的药剂师不断发展的工作常规、他们对自己角色的看法，以及其他医疗服务提供者对药剂师角色的看法。
采用民族志方法。从实践文件、实践活动和医患互动观察的实地笔记以及患者和实践人员访谈的转录中获得定性数据，使用不断比较的方法和沉浸式/结晶式方法进行探索性分析。本文中，与药剂师角色相关的数据构成了案例研究的子分析。
出现了两种类型，一些药剂师被发现是（1）以医生为导向：响应医生对药物信息和其他项目的请求，而另一些药剂师被发现是（2）在多个互动层面工作：提供以患者为中心的护理、向医疗服务提供者提供教育/信息，并启动系统层面的干预措施来改善药物治疗。
药剂师的常规工作及其对自身角色的看法因跨专业团队而异。差异可能归因于不同的教育背景、实践理念或个别药剂师的特征，也受到家庭医疗团队（FHT）内部领导和沟通的影响。希望通过聘请与知识、技能和素质相匹配的药剂师来改善药物治疗，从而提高团队效率的 FHT 领导者，应该通过明确需求和聘请药剂师来展示领导力和愿景。这种类似的、通用的方法可能有助于确定加入团队的任何医疗保健专业人员的需求和角色。
