Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2012 Dec;22(12):662-70. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.07.002. Epub 2012 Jul 27.
Intracellular organization is a key factor in cell metabolism. Cells have evolved various organizational systems to solve the challenges of toxic pathway intermediates, competing metabolic reactions, and slow turnover rates. Inspired by nature, synthetic biologists have utilized proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids to construct synthetic organizational systems that mimic natural systems. Many of these systems have been applied to metabolic pathways and shown to significantly increase the production of industrially and commercially important chemicals. Further engineering and characterization of synthetic organizational systems will allow us to better understand native cellular strategies of spatial organization. Here, we discuss recent advances and ongoing efforts in designing and characterizing synthetic compartmentalization systems to mimic natural strategies and increase metabolic yields of engineered pathways.
细胞内组织是细胞代谢的关键因素。细胞已经进化出各种组织系统来应对有毒通路中间体、竞争代谢反应和缓慢的周转率等挑战。受自然启发，合成生物学家利用蛋白质、核酸和脂质构建了模仿自然系统的合成组织系统。其中许多系统已应用于代谢途径，并显著提高了工业和商业上重要化学品的产量。进一步对合成组织系统进行工程设计和特性分析，将有助于我们更好地理解细胞内的空间组织策略。在这里，我们讨论了设计和分析模拟天然策略和提高工程途径代谢产量的合成区隔化系统的最新进展和正在进行的努力。
