Human Factors Department, Institute of Naval Medicine Crescent Road, Alverstoke, Hampshire, PO12 2DL, UK.
Occup Med (Lond). 2012 Oct;62(7):563-5. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqs104. Epub 2012 Jul 28.
Submariners are an occupational group within the Royal Navy (RN) who work in isolated and extreme conditions. This preliminary study forms part of a longitudinal study of occupational stress in the RN.
To compare stress prevalence in submariners with matched controls and to identify predictors of occupational stress in submariners over a 2 year follow-up period.
Participants completed a Work and Well-Being Questionnaire to measure occupational stressors and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) to measure stress at time point 1, and a follow-up GHQ-12 2 years later. Demographically matched controls from the surface fleet of the RN were identified for each submariner. Regression models were developed for submariners and their controls to predict future stress at time point 2 using psychosocial predictors from time point 1.
Participants comprised 144 submariners and 144 general service controls. There were no differences between submariners and their surface fleet counterparts in the prevalence of occupational stress. Nevertheless, different predictors for the development of stress were found between the two groups. For submariners, over-commitment and rank were the main predictors; whereas for controls, the predictors were length of service, body mass index and physical work.
Submariners were not more likely to suffer from occupational stress than surface fleet controls in the RN. However, the psychosocial predictors of stress were significantly different for this RN specialist group, demonstrating the importance of developing individual models of stress for different occupational groups.
潜艇兵是英国皇家海军（RN）中的一个职业群体，他们在孤立和极端的环境中工作。这项初步研究是对 RN 职业压力进行纵向研究的一部分。
比较潜艇兵与匹配对照组的压力患病率，并确定在 2 年随访期间潜艇兵职业压力的预测因素。
参与者完成了一份工作和幸福感问卷，以衡量职业压力源，以及一般健康问卷-12（GHQ-12），以衡量在时间点 1 的压力，2 年后进行了一次随访 GHQ-12。为每位潜艇兵确定了来自 RN 水面舰队的年龄和性别匹配的对照组。为潜艇兵及其对照组开发了回归模型，以使用时间点 1 的心理社会预测因素来预测时间点 2 的未来压力。
参与者包括 144 名潜艇兵和 144 名一般服务对照组。在职业压力的患病率方面，潜艇兵与他们的水面舰队对应人员之间没有差异。然而，在两组之间发现了不同的压力发展预测因素。对于潜艇兵来说，过度承诺和军衔是主要预测因素；而对于对照组，预测因素是服务年限、体重指数和体力工作。
在英国皇家海军中，潜艇兵并不比水面舰队对照组更容易遭受职业压力。然而，对于这个 RN 专业群体，压力的心理社会预测因素有显著差异，这表明为不同的职业群体制定个体压力模型的重要性。
