Sultan Charles, Gaspari Laura, Paris Françoise
Endocr Dev. 2012;22:171-180. doi: 10.1159/000331775. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
Primary dysmenorrhea, which affects from 43 to 91% of adolescent girls, is defined as painful uterine cramps that precede and accompany menses. Primary dysmenorrhea is related to an overproduction of uterine prostaglandins which induces myometrium hypercontractility and arterioral vasoconstriction, both involved in painful menstrual cramps. In addition, headache, nausea, asthenia, irritability and school absenteeism are frequently reported and need to be quantified through a clinical score. Despite its relevant impact on adolescent quality of life and availability of efficacious medication such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, only 15% of affected adolescents consult a physician for this pain syndrome. Pediatricians and gynecologists should thus be more actively involved in the diagnosis and treatment of adolescent primary dysmenorrhea.
原发性痛经影响43%至91%的青春期女孩，其定义为月经前及月经期间出现的子宫痉挛性疼痛。原发性痛经与子宫前列腺素分泌过多有关，后者会导致子宫肌层过度收缩和动脉血管收缩，二者均与痛经有关。此外，经常有头痛、恶心、乏力、易怒及缺课的情况报告，需要通过临床评分进行量化。尽管原发性痛经对青少年生活质量有显著影响，且有非甾体抗炎药等有效药物，但只有15%的患病青少年因这种疼痛综合征咨询过医生。因此，儿科医生和妇科医生应更积极地参与青少年原发性痛经的诊断和治疗。
