Communication Strategies, Sub-department of Communication Science, Wageningen University, PO Box 8130, 6700 EW Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Public Health Nutr. 2013 Jul;16(7):1321-31. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012003564. Epub 2012 Jul 31.
General practitioners (GP) are uniquely placed to guide their patients on nutrition and physical activity. The aims of the present study were to assess: (i) the extent to which GP guide on nutrition and physical activity; (ii) the determinants that cause GP to give guidance on nutrition and physical activity; and (iii) the extent to which these guidance practices have the same determinants.
Cross-sectional study, mail questionnaire.
Dutch general practice.
Four hundred and seventy-two GP in practice for 5–30 years.
Our study showed that the majority of GP had similar practices for both nutrition and physical activity guidance. Fair associations were found between nutrition and physical activity guidance practices. More than half of the explained variance in the models of physical activity guidance practices was improved by the inclusion of nutrition guidance practices in the models. Moreover, GP reported higher frequencies of physical activity guidance practices than nutrition guidance practices. Nutrition guidance practices predicted the same physical activity guidance practices.
The majority of GP had similar practices for nutrition and physical activity guidance. GP were more inclined to guide their patients on physical activity than on nutrition. Self-efficacy was found to be a determinant in most models for guidance practices. Guidance practices proved to be a mix of prevention and treatment components. Consequently, we advise raising the selfefficacy of GP by training in medical school and in continuing medical education. We also recommend the combination of both nutrition and physical activity guidance in general practice.
全科医生（GP）在指导患者营养和身体活动方面具有独特的优势。本研究旨在评估：（i）GP 在营养和身体活动方面指导的程度；（ii）导致 GP 提供营养和身体活动指导的决定因素；以及（iii）这些指导实践具有相同决定因素的程度。
横断面研究，邮寄问卷。
荷兰全科医疗。
从事 5-30 年实践的 472 名 GP。
我们的研究表明，大多数 GP 在营养和身体活动指导方面具有相似的做法。在营养和身体活动指导实践之间发现了公平的关联。在包含营养指导实践的模型中，对身体活动指导实践模型的解释方差的一半以上得到了改善。此外，GP 报告的身体活动指导实践频率高于营养指导实践。营养指导实践预测了相同的身体活动指导实践。
大多数 GP 在营养和身体活动指导方面具有相似的做法。GP 更倾向于指导患者进行身体活动而不是营养。自我效能在大多数指导实践模型中被发现是一个决定因素。指导实践被证明是预防和治疗成分的混合体。因此，我们建议通过医学院和继续医学教育来提高 GP 的自我效能。我们还建议在全科医疗中结合营养和身体活动指导。
