Dinulovic D, Radonjic G
University of Belgrade, Medicine School, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Yugoslavia.
Arch Androl. 1990;25(3):277-93. doi: 10.3109/01485019008987617.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), associated with very subtle disorders, affects, either directly or indirectly, various functions of the reproductive system. Adequate, regular, and timely therapy may prevent or delay these disorders. The T synthesis disorder is caused by molecular changes at the level of Leydig cells and may lead to other disorders in all target organs and tissues. The close correlation between Leydig and Sertoli cells function, i.e., between spermatogenesis and second sex glands function, results in certain anomalies in diabetic patients' spermiograms. Parallel lesions associated with DM, through CNS (hypothalamus-hypophysis), and endocrine profile are indirectly intensified or induced by these disorders, which reflect dysfunction of homeostatic balance in carbohydrate metabolism. Sexual dysfunction in all its forms (reduced erection, impotence, and other libido dissociations) is an accompanying phenomenon of the diabetic disease. However, manifestations of these disorders are related to the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and to the duration of disease. The duration of disease is not necessarily correlated with sexual dysfunction. Even carbohydrate metabolism remains within normal range in addition to other lesions, diabetes leads gradually but progressively to premature aging of body cells.
糖尿病（DM）与非常细微的功能紊乱相关，直接或间接地影响生殖系统的各种功能。充分、规律且及时的治疗可能预防或延缓这些功能紊乱。睾酮合成紊乱是由睾丸间质细胞水平的分子变化引起的，可能导致所有靶器官和组织出现其他紊乱。睾丸间质细胞和支持细胞功能之间的密切关联，即精子发生与第二性腺功能之间的关联，导致糖尿病患者精液分析出现某些异常。与糖尿病相关的平行病变，通过中枢神经系统（下丘脑 - 垂体）以及内分泌特征，会因这些紊乱而间接加剧或诱发，这些紊乱反映了碳水化合物代谢中稳态平衡的功能障碍。各种形式的性功能障碍（勃起减弱、阳痿及其他性欲分离症状）是糖尿病的伴随现象。然而，这些功能紊乱的表现与碳水化合物代谢的调节以及疾病持续时间有关。疾病持续时间不一定与性功能障碍相关。即使除其他病变外碳水化合物代谢仍在正常范围内，糖尿病也会逐渐但持续地导致身体细胞过早衰老。
