Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Wesleyan University, Judd Hall, 207 High Street, Middletown, CT 06459, USA.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2012 Jul;12(7):813-21. doi: 10.1586/ern.12.71.
Cognitive remediation (CR) is an increasingly studied behavioral intervention for improving illness-linked cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, with considerable promise for improving the disease outcome when offered in concert with other therapies. We present findings from a comprehensive, critical review of the extant literature on CR for schizophrenia. Conclusions from six meta-analyses presented to date are summarized, and existing CR interventions are categorized into three major classes: restorative, strategy-based and hybrid approaches. The crucial elements and empirical support for each class are presented. Studies of predictors of treatment response suggest that attention, motivation and clinician expertise, along with the measures of 'brain reserve', are key features of a positive treatment response. Lastly, findings from studies of neuroimaging indicate that CR is accompanied by structural and functional neural changes in key frontal and temporal brain regions.
认知矫正（CR）是一种越来越受到研究的行为干预方法，用于改善精神分裂症患者与疾病相关的认知缺陷，当与其他治疗方法一起使用时，具有改善疾病结果的巨大潜力。我们呈现了对现有关于精神分裂症 CR 的文献进行全面、批判性评估的结果。总结了迄今为止提出的六项荟萃分析的结论，并将现有的 CR 干预措施分为三大类：恢复性、基于策略和混合方法。介绍了每一类的关键要素和实证支持。对治疗反应预测因子的研究表明，注意力、动机和临床医生的专业知识，以及“大脑储备”的测量，是积极治疗反应的关键特征。最后，神经影像学研究的结果表明，CR 伴随着关键额颞叶脑区的结构和功能神经变化。
