College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Phytopathology. 2012 Nov;102(11):1094-101. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-02-12-0028-R.
ABSTRACT The resistance and susceptibility of grapevines to downy mildew (DM) disease caused by Plasmopara viticola were compared among different cultivars/accessions belonging to Vitis vinifera, V. rotundifolia, and 10 oriental Vitis species. After inoculation with P. viticola pathogen, no symptom was found in V. rotundifolia grapevines at all, while oriental species V. davidii and V. piasezkii, like V. vinifera, were susceptible to DM disease. The other eight oriental Vitis species showed various resistance levels to DM disease. Intraspecific resistant variations were also observed in V. amurensis. Microscopy studies were conducted on various time courses after pathogen infection on grape leaves. P. viticola hyphae were not observed in V. rotundifolia cultivars, while symptoms with varying degrees of severity were observed among the Euvitis species. In general, the DM resistant oriental species showed a slower development of hypha and less formation of haustoria than DM susceptible V. vinifera grapevines. Cells with distinctive fluorescence were observed in V. rotundifolia and the oriental species V. pseudoreticulata, and callose deposits were observed in V. rotundifolia, V. pseudoreticulata, and V. amurensis grapevines. Based on the results of morphological observations and microscopy studies, we concluded that there were five levels of grapevine resistance to P. viticola pathogen: (i) immune, (ii) extremely resistant, (iii) resistant, (iv) partly resistant, and (v) susceptible.
摘要 本研究比较了不同葡萄品种/品系对由 Plasmopara viticola 引起的霜霉病的抗性和敏感性，这些品种包括欧亚种葡萄（Vitis vinifera）、圆叶葡萄（V. rotundifolia）和 10 种东方葡萄种。接种 P. viticola 病原菌后，圆叶葡萄品种的叶片完全没有表现出症状，而东方葡萄种中的河岸葡萄（V. davidii）和葛藟（V. piasezkii）与欧亚种葡萄一样易受霜霉病的影响。其他 8 种东方葡萄种对霜霉病表现出不同程度的抗性。在山葡萄（V. amurensis）中也观察到了种内的抗性变异。在病原菌感染后不同时间点对叶片进行显微镜研究。在圆叶葡萄品种中未观察到 P. viticola 菌丝，而在欧亚种葡萄中观察到了不同严重程度的症状。一般来说，具有霜霉病抗性的东方葡萄种的菌丝发育较慢，吸器形成较少。在圆叶葡萄和东方种假葡萄（V. pseudoreticulata）中观察到具有特征荧光的细胞，在圆叶葡萄、假葡萄和山葡萄中观察到了胼胝质沉积。基于形态观察和显微镜研究的结果，我们得出结论，葡萄对 P. viticola 病原菌存在五种抗性水平：（i）免疫，（ii）极度抗性，（iii）抗性，（iv）部分抗性和（v）易感性。
