Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Finland.
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012 Oct;9(10):565-76. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2012.144. Epub 2012 Aug 14.
Interaction with colonizing intestinal bacteria is essential for healthy intestinal and immunological development in infancy. Advances in understanding early host-microbe interactions indicate that this early microbial programming begins in utero and is substantially modulated by mode of birth, perinatal antibiotics and breastfeeding. Furthermore, it has become evident that this stepwise microbial colonization process, as well as immune and metabolic programming by the microbiota, might have a long-lasting influence on the risk of not only gastrointestinal disease, but also allergic, autoimmune and metabolic disease, in later life. Modulating early host-microbe interaction by maternal probiotic intervention during pregnancy and breastfeeding offers a promising novel tool to reduce the risk of disease. In this Review, we describe the current body of knowledge regarding perinatal microbial contact, initial intestinal colonization and its association with human disease, as well as means of modulating early host-microbe interaction to reduce the risk of disease in the child.
与定植肠道细菌的相互作用对于婴儿期健康的肠道和免疫发育至关重要。对早期宿主-微生物相互作用的理解的进步表明，这种早期的微生物编程始于宫内，并通过分娩方式、围产期抗生素和母乳喂养显著调节。此外，很明显，这种逐步的微生物定植过程以及微生物群的免疫和代谢编程可能对胃肠道疾病以及过敏、自身免疫和代谢疾病的风险具有持久的影响。通过在妊娠和哺乳期间进行母亲益生菌干预来调节早期宿主-微生物相互作用，为降低疾病风险提供了一种很有前途的新工具。在这篇综述中，我们描述了关于围产期微生物接触、初始肠道定植及其与人类疾病的关联的现有知识，以及调节早期宿主-微生物相互作用以降低儿童疾病风险的方法。
