Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2012 Dec;41(4):717-31. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2012.08.001. Epub 2012 Oct 1.
Gut microbiota constitute a highly complex ecosystem that interacts with the host and profoundly affects gastrointestinal and systemic immunologic functions. Specific microbial patterns are associated with healthy children and adults, and these patterns are greatly related to the early acquisition of microbes by the newborn and the development of gut microbial communities in the perinatal period. Although direct causation must be firmly established and mechanisms fully elucidated, strong and increasing evidence shows that the early acquisition, development, and maintenance of specific bacterial populations are critical to human health, and a better understanding of these offers great opportunities for intervention.
肠道微生物群构成了一个高度复杂的生态系统，与宿主相互作用，深刻影响着胃肠道和全身的免疫功能。特定的微生物模式与健康的儿童和成人相关，这些模式与新生儿早期获得微生物和围产期肠道微生物群落的发展密切相关。虽然必须确定直接因果关系并充分阐明机制，但越来越多的有力证据表明，特定细菌种群的早期获得、发育和维持对人类健康至关重要，更好地了解这些机会提供了很大的干预机会。
