Isolauri Erika, Laitinen Kirsi
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland.
Nutrients. 2025 Jan 22;17(3):396. doi: 10.3390/nu17030396.
As the world faces an escalating challenge of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with phenotypes ranging from allergic chronic immuno-inflammatory diseases to neuropsychiatric disorders, it becomes evident that their seeds are sown during the early stages of life. Furthermore, within only a few decades, human obesity has reached epidemic proportions and now represents the most serious public health challenge of our time. Recent demonstrations that a growing number of these conditions are linked to aberrant gut microbiota composition and function have evoked active scientific interest in host-microbe crosstalk, characterizing and modulating the gut microbiota in at-risk circumstances. These efforts appear particularly justified during the most critical period of developmental plasticity when the child's immune, metabolic, and microbiological constitutions lend themselves to long-term adjustment. Pregnancy and early infancy epitomize an ideal developmental juncture for preventive measures aiming to reduce the risk of NCDs; by promoting the health of pregnant and lactating women today, the health of the next generation(s) may be successfully improved. The perfect tools for this initiative derive from the earliest and most massive source of environmental exposures, namely the microbiome and nutrition, due to their fundamental interactions in the function of the host immune and metabolic maturation.
随着世界面临非传染性疾病（NCDs）不断升级的挑战，其表型涵盖从过敏性慢性免疫炎症性疾病到神经精神疾病等范围，很明显这些疾病的根源在生命早期就已种下。此外，在短短几十年内，人类肥胖已达到流行程度，如今成为我们这个时代最严峻的公共卫生挑战。最近有证据表明，越来越多的这些疾病与肠道微生物群的异常组成和功能有关，这引发了科学界对宿主 - 微生物相互作用的积极兴趣，即在有风险的情况下对肠道微生物群进行表征和调节。在发育可塑性的最关键时期，当儿童的免疫、代谢和微生物构成易于进行长期调整时，这些努力显得尤为合理。怀孕和婴儿早期是旨在降低非传染性疾病风险的预防措施的理想发育节点；通过促进当今孕妇和哺乳期妇女的健康，可以成功改善下一代的健康。由于微生物群和营养在宿主免疫和代谢成熟功能中存在基本相互作用，这一倡议的完美工具源自最早且最广泛的环境暴露源，即微生物群和营养。
