Haimov-Kochman Ronit, Har-Nir Ruth, Ein-Mor Eliana, Ben-Shoshan Vered, Greenfield Caryn, Eldar Ido, Bdolah Yuval, Hurwitz Arye
Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center (Mt. Scopus Campus), Jerusalem, Israel.
Isr Med Assoc J. 2012 Jun;14(6):372-7.
Studies suggest that global semen quality is declining, but the debate remains open owing to geographic variation.
To evaluate temporal trends of sperm parameters - namely concentration, motility and total motile sperm count - in sperm donated during the period 1995-2009.
In a retrospective longitudinal cohort study we analyzed the sperm count and motility of 2182 semen samples provided on a weekly basis by 58 young, healthy, fertile, university-educated, paid donors.
Despite the lowering of criteria for sperm parameters satisfactory for donation that were implemented in 2004, 38% of applicants for sperm donation are now rejected based on semen quality as compared to a third of applicants 10-15 years ago (P < 0.001). If the old strict criteria were in place 88% of candidates would be rejected today (P < 0.0001). Over the study period, the average sperm parameters dropped from a concentration of 106 +/- 25 million spermatozoa/ml with 79% +/- 4.3% motility to 68 +/- 14 million/ ml with 66% +/- 4.5% motile sperm (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, respectively). The total motile sperm count per ejaculate also decreased, from 66.4 +/- 18.2 million to 48.7 +/- 12 million (P < 0.005). When the previous criteria were implemented for the analysis of the latest group of sperm donors, only 18% of donors had an acceptable sperm quality, with an average concentration of 87 +/- 12 million spermatozoa/ml, 73% +/- 2.6% motile sperm and total motile sperm count of 53.1 +/- 3.8 million per ejaculate - still significantly lower than 15 years ago (P= 0.01, P= 0.003, P= 0.058 respectively).
The rapid deterioration of sperm quality among fertile semen donors is alarming and may lead to cessation of sperm donation programs.
研究表明全球精液质量正在下降，但由于存在地域差异，该争论仍无定论。
评估1995 - 2009年期间捐献精子的精子参数（即浓度、活力和总活动精子数）的时间趋势。
在一项回顾性纵向队列研究中，我们分析了58名年轻、健康、可育、受过大学教育的有偿捐献者每周提供的2182份精液样本的精子数量和活力。
尽管2004年实施了对捐献而言精子参数合格标准的降低，但现在仍有38%的精子捐献申请者因精液质量被拒，而10 - 15年前这一比例为三分之一（P < 0.001）。如果仍采用过去严格的标准，如今88%的申请者会被拒（P < 0.0001）。在研究期间，精子平均参数从浓度1.06±0.25亿精子/毫升、活力79%±4.3%降至68±1400万/毫升、活动精子66%±4.5%（分别为P < 0.0001，P < 0.0001）。每次射精的总活动精子数也减少了，从6640±1820万降至4870±1200万（P < 0.005）。当采用先前标准分析最新一批精子捐献者时，只有18%的捐献者精子质量合格，平均浓度为87±1200万精子/毫升，活动精子73%±2.6%，每次射精总活动精子数为5310±380万——仍显著低于15年前（分别为P = 0.01，P = 0.003，P = 0.058）。
可育精液捐献者精子质量的快速恶化令人担忧，可能导致精子捐献项目终止。
