Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
ISME J. 2013 Jan;7(1):85-95. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2012.81. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
The human skin harbors complex bacterial communities. Prior studies showing high inter-individual variation focused on subjects from developed countries. We therefore compared cutaneous bacterial communities of Amerindians in the Venezuelan Amazon with subjects in the United States. Forearm skin specimens were studied from healthy Amerindians in Platanillal village in Amazonas State, and from healthy persons in New York and Colorado. All skin sampling used similar swab/buffer techniques. Multiplexed V2-targeted 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing yielded high quality sequences from 112 samples. The results show 20 phyla, with three (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria) predominating. US residents and Venezuelan Amerindians had significantly different forearm skin bacterial community compositions, with United States dominated by Propionibacterium. Among the Amerindians, there was a deep split based on bacterial community membership, with 30 and 42 samples, respectively, falling into each of the two groups, not associated with age, gender, or body mass index. One Amerindian group had diversity similar to the United States, but was dominated by Staphylococcus rather than Propionibacterium. The other Amerindian group was significantly more diverse and even than the US or the other Amerindian group, and featured a broad range of Proteobacteria. The results provide evidence that ethnicity, lifestyle and/or geography are associated with the structure of human cutaneous bacterial communities.
人体皮肤中栖息着复杂的细菌群落。先前的研究表明个体间存在高度差异，但这些研究主要集中在来自发达国家的人群。因此，我们比较了委内瑞拉亚马逊地区的美洲原住民和美国人群的皮肤细菌群落。从亚马孙州 Platanillal 村的健康美洲原住民和纽约州及科罗拉多州的健康人群的前臂皮肤标本进行了研究。所有皮肤采样均使用类似的拭子/缓冲液技术。经过多重靶向 V2 16S rRNA 基因焦磷酸测序，从 112 个样本中获得了高质量的序列。结果显示有 20 个门，其中三个（变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门）占主导地位。美国居民和委内瑞拉美洲原住民的前臂皮肤细菌群落组成有显著差异，美国以丙酸杆菌为主。在美洲原住民中，根据细菌群落成员的不同，存在一个很深的分支，分别有 30 个和 42 个样本分别属于两组，与年龄、性别或体重指数无关。一组美洲原住民的多样性与美国相似，但以葡萄球菌为主，而不是丙酸杆菌。另一组美洲原住民的多样性显著更高，甚至比美国或另一组美洲原住民的多样性更高，并且具有广泛的变形菌门。研究结果提供了证据表明，种族、生活方式和/或地理位置与人类皮肤细菌群落的结构有关。
