Fergusson D M, Horwood L J, Lawton J M
Department of Paediatrics, Christchurch School of Medicine, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1990 Nov;31(7):1145-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00852.x.
The relationship between family social background and risks of problems in the areas of health, education, behaviour and offending was examined in a birth cohort of New Zealand children studied to the age of 11 years. The analysis showed the presence of small consistent correlations between family social background and individual outcomes on a range of childhood measures. These correlations ranged from 0.12 to 0.31 with a median value of 0.18. The association between family social background and childhood outcomes was modelled using LISREL modelling methods which assumed that this association was mediated by common non-observed vulnerability processes. This analysis suggested that while variations in family social background act as relatively weak determinants of specific problem outcomes, these factors had a relatively strong influence on the child's generalized vulnerability to a wide range of childhood problems. The implications of these results for research into social background and childhood are discussed.
在一项对新西兰儿童出生队列进行的研究中，考察了家庭社会背景与健康、教育、行为及犯罪等领域出现问题的风险之间的关系，这些儿童被跟踪研究至11岁。分析表明，在一系列儿童指标上，家庭社会背景与个体结果之间存在微小但一致的相关性。这些相关性在0.12至0.31之间，中位数为0.18。使用LISREL建模方法对家庭社会背景与儿童期结果之间的关联进行建模，该方法假定这种关联是由共同的未观察到的易损性过程介导的。该分析表明，虽然家庭社会背景的差异作为特定问题结果的决定因素相对较弱，但这些因素对儿童对广泛的儿童期问题的普遍易损性有相对较强的影响。讨论了这些结果对社会背景与儿童期研究的启示。
