Lynskey M T, Fergusson D M
Department of Psychological Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995 Jun;23(3):281-302. doi: 10.1007/BF01447558.
The relationships between conduct problems and attention deficit behaviors at age 8 years and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs at 15 years were studied in a birth cohort of over 900 New Zealand children. The analysis showed that while early conduct problems were significantly associated with later substance use there were no significant associations between early attention deficit behaviors and later substance use once the correlations between conduct problems and attention deficit behaviors were taken into account. These associations persisted after control for a range of potentially confounding covariates. Children who showed tendencies to conduct problems at age 8 consumed 1.5 to 1.9 times more alcohol and had rates of alcohol-related problems, daily cigarette smoking, and illicit drug use that were 1.9 to 2.0 times higher than children with low conduct problem scores. It is concluded that attention deficit behaviors, in the absence of conduct problems, are not associated with later substance use. However, even when due allowance is made for social and contextual factors associated with both early conduct problems and later substance use, early conduct problems are a risk factor for later substance use.
在一个由900多名新西兰儿童组成的出生队列中，研究了8岁时的行为问题和注意力缺陷行为与15岁时使用酒精、烟草和非法药物之间的关系。分析表明，虽然早期行为问题与后期物质使用显著相关，但一旦考虑到行为问题和注意力缺陷行为之间的相关性，早期注意力缺陷行为与后期物质使用之间就没有显著关联。在控制了一系列潜在的混杂协变量后，这些关联仍然存在。8岁时表现出行为问题倾向的儿童饮酒量是行为问题得分低的儿童的1.5至1.9倍，与酒精相关问题、每日吸烟和非法药物使用的发生率是行为问题得分低的儿童的1.9至2.0倍。得出的结论是，在没有行为问题的情况下，注意力缺陷行为与后期物质使用无关。然而，即使充分考虑了与早期行为问题和后期物质使用相关的社会和背景因素，早期行为问题仍是后期物质使用的一个风险因素。
