Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung County 402, Taiwan, R. O. C.
Poult Sci. 2012 Sep;91(9):2139-47. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02237.
One-day-old chicks are susceptible to infection by strains of Salmonella enterica subspecies. Because multistrain probiotics are suggested to be more effective than monostrain probiotics due to the additive and synergistic effects, in this study, we prepared a multistrain formula A (MFA) consisting of 4 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains selected by enhancing the TNF-α production for mouse macrophage 264.7 cells. The antagonistic effect of this MFA against the cecal colonization, viscera invasiveness, as well as the inflammation of 1-d-old chicks challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium were then assayed. One-day-old chicks were fed with MFA from d 1 to d 3, and on d 4, chicks were challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium (200 μL, 10(6) cfu/mL). The livers, spleens, and cecal tonsils of chicks were then removed on d 3 and 6 postinfection. Compared with the multistrain formula B (MFB) which consisted of LAB strains selected at random, the efficacy of MFA to reduce the Salmonella counts recovered from the cecal tonsils, spleens, and livers of chicks were significantly higher. Moreover, when the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, and anti-inflmmatory cytokine, that is, IL-10, in cecal tonsils were measured by reverse-transcription real-time quantitative PCR; it was found that chicks fed with MFA for 3 d had lower levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and a higher level of IL-10 in the cecal tonsils of chicks as compared with those of the chicks fed with MFB or without LAB. These results suggest that multistrain probiotics consisting of LAB strains selected by immunomodulatory activity and adherence are more effective than those consisting of strains selected at random in antagonistic effect against Salmonella colonization, invasion, and the induced inflammation.
一日龄雏鸡易感染沙门氏菌肠亚种。由于多菌株益生菌由于具有相加和协同作用，比单菌株益生菌更有效，因此在这项研究中，我们制备了一种由 4 株乳酸杆菌（LAB）组成的多菌株配方 A（MFA），该配方是通过增强对鼠巨噬细胞 264.7 细胞的 TNF-α产生来选择的。然后测定了该 MFA 对盲肠定植、内脏侵袭以及 1 日龄雏鸡感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌引起的炎症的拮抗作用。1 日龄雏鸡从第 1 天到第 3 天用 MFA 喂养，第 4 天，用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（200 μL，10（6）cfu/mL）对雏鸡进行攻毒。攻毒后第 3 天和第 6 天，取出雏鸡的肝脏、脾脏和盲肠扁桃体。与由随机选择的 LAB 菌株组成的多菌株配方 B（MFB）相比，MFA 降低从雏鸡盲肠扁桃体、脾脏和肝脏中回收的沙门氏菌数量的功效显著更高。此外，当通过反转录实时定量 PCR 测量盲肠扁桃体中促炎细胞因子（如 IL-1β、IL-6、干扰素（IFN）-γ）和抗炎细胞因子（即 IL-10）的水平时，发现与用 MFB 或不用 LAB 喂养的雏鸡相比，用 MFA 喂养 3 天的雏鸡盲肠扁桃体中的 IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ水平较低，IL-10 水平较高。这些结果表明，由通过免疫调节活性和黏附选择的 LAB 菌株组成的多菌株益生菌在拮抗沙门氏菌定植、侵袭和诱导炎症方面比由随机选择的菌株组成的多菌株益生菌更有效。
