Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
Acta Trop. 2012 Dec;124(3):171-8. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.08.003. Epub 2012 Aug 14.
Toxocariasis is a widespread zoonotic helminthic disease. Human infection is acquired by ingestion of embryonated eggs of Toxocara which reach the environment via stools of dogs and cats. In paratenic hosts, such as humans and mice, the hatched larvae migrate systematically in the body and could reach critical sites such as the eye and the central nervous system. The clinical expression of toxocariasis includes two main forms of varying intensity: visceral and ocular, as well as several organ-specific clinical manifestations. The issue of treatment is a matter of great controversy not only because of limited efficacy of anthelmintic drugs in terms of parasite eradication, but also because of doubts about the benefits of therapy as most Toxocara infections are self-limiting. Many animal studies were conducted employing different drugs and regimens, yet the results were variable and inconsistent. On the other hand, experience in human therapy is unfortunately limited due to paucity of clinical trials. Herein, the problems and pitfalls of treatment of toxocariasis are addressed, and new trends in therapy are discussed.
旋毛虫病是一种广泛流行的动物源性蠕虫病。人类感染是通过摄入狗和猫粪便中排出的含有幼虫的感染性虫卵而获得的。在中间宿主，如人和老鼠中，孵化的幼虫会在体内系统迁移，并可能到达眼部和中枢神经系统等关键部位。旋毛虫病的临床表现包括两种不同强度的主要形式：内脏和眼部，以及几种器官特异性临床表现。治疗问题是一个极具争议的问题，不仅因为驱虫药物在寄生虫清除方面的疗效有限，还因为怀疑治疗的益处，因为大多数旋毛虫感染是自限性的。许多动物研究采用了不同的药物和方案，但结果各不相同，不一致。另一方面，由于临床试验的缺乏，人类治疗的经验不幸地受到限制。本文讨论了旋毛虫病治疗中存在的问题和陷阱，并探讨了治疗的新趋势。
