Overgaauw P A
Virbac Nederland B.V., Barneveld, The Netherlands.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 1997;23(3):233-51. doi: 10.3109/10408419709115138.
Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati are common roundworms of dogs and cats. In this review the life cycles of these parasites are described, including the various routes of transmission, such as transplacental, transmammary infection, and infection through paratenic hosts. The somatic and tracheal migration in the body of the hosts after infection with Toxocara eggs or larvae is discussed, with special reference to age resistance and differences between dog and cat. The clinical symptoms and pathology in adult and young dogs and cats are given. Diagnosis of patent infections can be obtained by fecal examination, and treatment consists of the use of anthelmintics. Control of the infection and disease is achieved by prevention of contamination of the environment, anthelmintic treatment strategy, and education. Special attention is given to the efficacy of anthelmintics against adult worms and against somatic larvae. It is concluded that education on the life cycles of the parasites, hygiene, and anthelmintic treatment schedules is required because of the zoonotic risks of Toxocara spp. Deworming of pregnant dogs and cats is not recommended.
犬弓首蛔虫和猫弓首蛔虫是犬类和猫类常见的蛔虫。在这篇综述中，描述了这些寄生虫的生命周期，包括各种传播途径，如经胎盘传播、经乳腺感染以及通过转续宿主感染。讨论了感染弓首蛔虫卵或幼虫后在宿主体内的体壁和气管迁移情况，特别提及了年龄抵抗力以及犬和猫之间的差异。给出了成年和幼年犬猫的临床症状及病理学表现。显性感染的诊断可通过粪便检查获得，治疗则使用驱虫药。通过预防环境污染、驱虫治疗策略和教育来实现感染和疾病的控制。特别关注了驱虫药对成虫和体壁幼虫的疗效。得出结论，由于弓首蛔虫属存在人畜共患病风险，需要开展关于寄生虫生命周期、卫生和驱虫治疗方案的教育。不建议对怀孕的犬猫进行驱虫。
