Lau Jennifer Y F, Belli Stefano R, Chopra Rajesh B
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2013 Jul;18(3):322-33. doi: 10.1177/1359104512455183. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
Many anxiety disorders begin in adolescence. Early interventions that target adolescent anxiety may prevent later disabling consequences. Previous studies show that cognitive bias modification training can generate positive interpretative styles of ambiguous information in adolescents but effects on anxious mood reduction are less clear. Adult studies suggest more consistent training effects on mood when assessed in response to a psychological challenge. Here, we assess whether positive training reduces adolescent anxious responses to a laboratory stressor. A total of 40 adolescents were randomly assigned to positive or negative computerised training. During training, ambiguous scenarios were resolved positively or negatively. After training, adolescents completed a test of interpretation bias and a difficult mental arithmetic task while believing that they were being videotaped for teaching purposes. First, positively-trained adolescents endorsed more positive and fewer negative interpretations of new ambiguous situations than negatively-trained adolescents. Second, positively-trained adolescents also showed attenuated anxiety levels after but not before the challenge. Induced positive interpretations via computerised cognitive training may modify anxious responsivity. Although there are some caveats to these data, in general they justify extensions of computerised training to adolescents with clinical anxiety, to reduce anxious responsivity.
许多焦虑症始于青春期。针对青少年焦虑的早期干预可能会预防日后出现的致残后果。先前的研究表明,认知偏差矫正训练可以使青少年对模糊信息产生积极的解释方式,但对减轻焦虑情绪的效果尚不清楚。成人研究表明,在应对心理挑战时进行评估,训练对情绪的影响更具一致性。在此,我们评估积极训练是否能减少青少年对实验室应激源的焦虑反应。共有40名青少年被随机分配到积极或消极的计算机化训练组。在训练过程中,对模糊情景进行积极或消极的解读。训练后,青少年在认为自己正在被录像用于教学目的的情况下,完成了一项解释偏差测试和一项困难的心算任务。首先,接受积极训练的青少年对新的模糊情景的积极解读比接受消极训练的青少年更多,消极解读更少。其次,接受积极训练的青少年在面临挑战后焦虑水平也有所降低,但在挑战前没有。通过计算机化认知训练诱导的积极解读可能会改变焦虑反应性。尽管这些数据存在一些限制,但总体而言,它们证明了将计算机化训练扩展到患有临床焦虑症的青少年以降低焦虑反应性是合理的。