Department of Human Health, International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2012 Sep;12(9):727-32. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0914. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral disease mainly affecting pastoralists who come in contact with animals infested with Hyalomma ticks, which are the key vectors of CCHF virus (CCHFV). CCHFV has been detected among these ticks in parts of North Eastern Kenya. This study aimed to identify acute cases of CCHF, and to determine the extent of previous exposure to CCHFV in an outpatient population attending Sangailu and Ijara health centers, Ijara District, North Eastern Kenya, presenting with acute febrile illnesses. A total of 517 human serum samples were collected from these patients. The samples were screened for the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to CCHF using CCCHF-IgG and IgM ELISA test kits. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the risk factors associated with evidence of exposure to CCHFV. A single patient tested positive for anti-CCHF IgM, while 96 were positive for anti-CCHF IgG. The seroprevalence of CCHFV was 23% in Sangailu and 14% in Ijara. Most exposed persons were aged 40-49 years. The likelihood of exposure was highest among farmers (29%). Age, location, and contact with donkeys were significantly associated with exposure to CCHFV. Acute CCHFV infections could be occurring without being detected in this population. This study confirms human exposure to CCHF virus in Ijara District, Kenya, and identifies several significant risk factors associated with exposure to CCHFV.
克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）是一种由蜱传播的病毒性疾病，主要影响与感染嗜群血蜱的动物接触的牧民，嗜群血蜱是 CCHF 病毒（CCHFV）的主要传播媒介。在肯尼亚东北部的部分地区已经发现了这些蜱携带 CCHFV。本研究旨在确定在东北肯尼亚 Ijara 区 Sangailu 和 Ijara 卫生中心就诊的出现急性发热疾病的门诊人群中急性 CCHF 病例的数量，并确定他们以前接触 CCHFV 的程度。从这些患者中收集了总共 517 个人类血清样本。使用 CCCHF-IgG 和 IgM ELISA 试剂盒筛查这些样本中存在 CCHF 的 IgM 和 IgG 抗体。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来调查与暴露于 CCHFV 相关的风险因素。只有一名患者的抗 CCHF IgM 检测呈阳性，而 96 名患者的抗 CCHF IgG 检测呈阳性。Sangailu 和 Ijara 的 CCHFV 血清阳性率分别为 23%和 14%。大多数接触者的年龄在 40-49 岁之间。农民（29%）的暴露可能性最高。年龄、地点和与驴的接触与接触 CCHFV 显著相关。在该人群中可能正在发生未经检测的急性 CCHFV 感染。本研究证实了肯尼亚 Ijara 区人类接触 CCHF 病毒，并确定了与接触 CCHFV 相关的几个重要风险因素。
