Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
J Sci Food Agric. 2013 Feb;93(3):575-9. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.5835. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
Isoflavones and coumestrol from dietary legumes are plant constituents showing multiple beneficial effects on humans. Owing to their ability to bind with mammalian estrogenic receptors and thereby intervention in several kinds of hormone-related cancers, they have received much attention. Soybean (Glycine max) is currently the major source of isoflavonoids in human diet. However, dozens of tropical and subtropical leguminous species remain unexplored for their isoflavonoids content.
We have analyzed 55 extracts from 41 tropical and subtropical legume species used either in human or animal diet by high-performance liquid chromatography for the content of soy isoflavones, biochanin A, daidzein, daidzin, formononetin, genistein, genistin, sissotrin, ononin and the coumestan coumestrol. Genistein and biochanin A were the most abundant compounds. The highest content of genistein was found in aerial parts of Andira macrothyrsa, seeds of Pachyrhizus tuberosus and aerial parts of Calopogonium mucunoides (598, 250 and 184 µg g(-1), respectively) and biochanin A in aerial parts of Cratylia argentea, C. mucunoides and flowers of A. macrothyrsa (76, 53 and 40 µg g(-1), respectively).
None of the samples tested was richer overall source of soy isoflavones and coumestrol than soybean; nevertheless several species (C. mucunoides or A. macrothyrsa) may serve as a promising source of individual compounds.
来自食用豆类的异黄酮和香豆雌酚是具有多种对人类有益作用的植物成分。由于它们能够与哺乳动物雌激素受体结合，从而干预多种与激素相关的癌症，因此受到了广泛关注。大豆（Glycine max）是目前人类饮食中异黄酮的主要来源。然而，数十种热带和亚热带豆科植物的异黄酮含量仍有待研究。
我们通过高效液相色谱法分析了 41 种热带和亚热带豆科植物的 55 种提取物，这些植物被用于人类或动物饮食中，用于检测大豆异黄酮、大豆素 A、染料木素、大豆苷、芒柄花素、金雀异黄素、金雀异黄素苷、水黄皮素、黄豆黄苷和香豆雌酚的含量。金雀异黄素和大豆素 A 是最丰富的化合物。在 Andira macrothyrsa 的地上部分、Pachyrhizus tuberosus 的种子和 Calopogonium mucunoides 的地上部分中发现了最高含量的金雀异黄素（分别为 598、250 和 184 µg g(-1)），而在 Cratylia argentea、C. mucunoides 和 A. macrothyrsa 的花中发现了最高含量的大豆素 A（分别为 76、53 和 40 µg g(-1)）。
没有一种测试样本的大豆异黄酮和香豆雌酚含量总体上超过大豆；然而，有几种植物（C. mucunoides 或 A. macrothyrsa）可能是个别化合物的潜在来源。
