Gershman Samuel J, Niv Yael
Department of Psychology and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
Learn Behav. 2012 Sep;40(3):255-68. doi: 10.3758/s13420-012-0080-8.
We frame behavior in classical conditioning experiments as the product of normative statistical inference. According to this theory, animals learn an internal model of their environment from experience. The basic building blocks of this internal model are latent causes-explanatory constructs inferred by the animal that partition observations into coherent clusters. Generalization of conditioned responding from one cue to another arises from the animal's inference that the cues were generated by the same latent cause. Through a wide range of simulations, we demonstrate where the theory succeeds and where it fails as a general account of classical conditioning.
我们将经典条件反射实验中的行为视为规范统计推断的产物。根据这一理论，动物通过经验学习其环境的内部模型。这个内部模型的基本组成部分是潜在原因——动物推断出的解释性结构，它将观察结果划分为连贯的集群。条件反应从一个线索到另一个线索的泛化源于动物的推断，即这些线索是由相同的潜在原因产生的。通过广泛的模拟，我们证明了该理论作为经典条件反射的一般解释在哪些方面成功，在哪些方面失败。
