Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Burns Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Int J Surg. 2012;10(9):458-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2012.08.010. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
Simulation occupies a central position in surgical education. It offers a safe environment for trainees to develop and improve their skills through sustained deliberate self-practice and appropriate feedback. This review explores the role of simulators and the simulation environment in light of educational theory to promote effective learning.
Information was obtained from peer-reviewed publications, books and online material.
A simplistic perspective frames simulation as a means of gaining technical skills on basic models by offering a safe alternative to carrying out procedures on real patients. Although necessary, that aspect of simulation requires greater depth to satisfy the growing demand for alternatives to traditional clinical learning. A more realistic view should frame simulation as a means to gaining mastery within a complex clinical world. In order to strike the balance on simulating an ideal clinical scenario, alignment of the simulator and the simulation environment in the appropriate context appears crucial.
模拟在外科教育中占据核心地位。它为学员提供了一个安全的环境，通过持续的刻意自我练习和适当的反馈，来发展和提高他们的技能。本综述探讨了模拟器和模拟环境在教育理论方面的作用，以促进有效的学习。
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一种简单化的观点将模拟视为通过提供在真实患者身上进行手术的安全替代方法来获得基本模型上的技术技能的一种手段。虽然这是必要的，但模拟的这一方面需要更深入的研究，以满足对传统临床学习替代方法日益增长的需求。更现实的观点应该将模拟视为在复杂的临床环境中获得掌握的一种手段。为了在模拟理想临床场景中取得平衡，模拟器和模拟环境在适当背景下的一致性似乎至关重要。
