Spribille Toby, Goffinet Bernard, Klug Barbara, Muggia Lucia, Obermayer Walter, Mayrhofer Helmut
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
Lichenologist (Lond). 2011 Sep;43(5):445-466. doi: 10.1017/S0024282911000478.
The crustose lichen genus Mycoblastus in the Northern Hemisphere includes eight recognized species sharing large, simple ascospores produced 1-2 per ascus in strongly pigmented biatorine apothecia. The monophyly of Mycoblastus and the relationship of its various species to Tephromelataceae have never been studied in detail. Data from ITS rDNA and the genes coding for translation elongation factor 1-α and DNA replication licensing factor mini-chromosome maintenance complex 7 support the distinctness of Mycoblastus s. str. from the core of the Tephromelataceae, but recover M. fucatus and an undescribed Asian species as strongly supported within the latter group. We propose accommodating these two species in a new genus, Violella, which is characterized by its brownish inner ascospore walls, Fucatus-violet hymenial pigment granules and secondary chemistry, and discuss the position of Violella relative to Calvitimela and Tephromela. We describe the new species Violella wangii T. Sprib. & Goffinet to accommodate a new species with roccellic acid from Bhutan, China, India and the Russian Far East. We also exclude Mycoblastus indicus Awasthi & Agarwal from the genus Mycoblastus and propose for it the new combination Malmidea indica (Awasthi & Agarwal) Hafellner & T. Sprib.
北半球的痂状地衣类群Mycoblastus包含八个公认的物种，它们在颜色强烈的茶渍型子囊中产生大而简单的子囊孢子，每个子囊中有1 - 2个。Mycoblastus的单系性及其不同物种与散盘衣科的关系从未得到详细研究。来自ITS核糖体DNA以及编码翻译延伸因子1-α和DNA复制许可因子微型染色体维持复合体7的基因的数据支持了狭义的Mycoblastus与散盘衣科核心类群的区别，但恢复了皱皮Mycoblastus fucatus和一个未描述的亚洲物种在后者类群中的强支持地位。我们建议将这两个物种归入一个新属Violella，其特征是子囊孢子内壁呈褐色、具有皱皮紫堇色的子实层色素颗粒和次生化学成分，并讨论了Violella相对于Calvitimela和Tephromela的位置。我们描述了新物种Violella wangii T. Sprib. & Goffinet，以容纳来自不丹、中国、印度和俄罗斯远东地区的一种含红粉苔酸的新物种。我们还将印度Mycoblastus indicus Awasthi & Agarwal从Mycoblastus属中排除，并为其提出新组合Malmidea indica (Awasthi & Agarwal) Hafellner & T. Sprib.
