Psychiatric Hospital Vojnik, Slovenia.
Psychiatr Danub. 2012 Sep;24 Suppl 1:S82-5.
Suicidal behaviour is a significant public health problem. Suicide alone represents the 10th leading cause of death worldwide. Suicide is a complex phenomenon and may be the result of an interaction of biological, psychological and socioeconomic factors. Although there are many differences in suicide rates between different countries in the world, some studies reported huge differences of suicide rates between different regions within the same country as well. The studies that investigated the regional differences in suicide rates were gathered in the present article. The studies revealed that depression frequently remained unidentified and thus untreated and could contribute to high regional suicide rates. It could be speculated that access to services, which increases the possibility of diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, could have an impact on regional suicide rates. Thus the availability of services may be relevant in explaining geographical variations in suicide incidence. Many studies reported that suicide was a major public health issue of particular concern among rural populations, which experienced a consistently higher suicide rate than urban areas considering the availability of psychiatric services, was typically less available in rural regions. As suggested in some studies, it seems that socioeconomic factors outweighed climatic factors in explaining regional differences in the suicide rate but further research is needed.
自杀行为是一个重大的公共卫生问题。自杀本身是全球第十大死因。自杀是一种复杂的现象，可能是生物、心理和社会经济因素相互作用的结果。尽管世界上不同国家的自杀率存在许多差异，但一些研究报告称，同一国内不同地区的自杀率也存在巨大差异。本文收集了研究自杀率地区差异的研究。这些研究表明，抑郁症经常未被发现和治疗，这可能导致高自杀率。可以推测，获得服务的机会增加了诊断和治疗精神障碍的可能性，这可能对地区自杀率产生影响。因此，服务的提供可能与解释自杀发生率的地理差异有关。许多研究报告称，自杀是农村人口特别关注的主要公共卫生问题，与城市地区相比，农村地区的自杀率一直较高，因为农村地区的精神卫生服务通常较少。正如一些研究表明的那样，在解释自杀率的地区差异时，社会经济因素似乎比气候因素更为重要，但需要进一步的研究。
