Gomes Shaiene Patricia, Deliberador Tatiana Miranda, Gonzaga Carla Castiglia, Klug Luiz Gustavo, da Costa Oliveira Lidiane, de Andrade Urban Cícero, Zielak João Cesar, Giovanini Allan Fernando
Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil.
J Craniofac Surg. 2012 Sep;23(5):1239-44. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e31825da9d9.
This study analyzed the influence of fragmented autogenous white subcutaneous adipose tissue (WSAT) on bone healing in critical-size defects created in rabbit calvaria. A 15-mm diameter defect was created in the calvaria of 42 rabbits, which were treated with 86 mm3 WSAT grafts or filled only with blood clots (control). Animals were euthanized at 7, 15, and 40 days postsurgery (n = 7), and the data were analyzed using histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry using the anti-CD34 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) antibodies. The calvaria treated with only blood clots demonstrated positivity to CD34 concentrated in endothelial cells, whereas the BMP2 were restricted to the borders of the defects. In contrast, the group treated with WSAT revealed fatty cells exhibiting positivity to BMP2 both in membrane and cytoplasm and intense quantities of stromal spindle cells that exhibited positivity to CD34 simultaneously to BMP2; these results together coincided with a larger bone matrix deposited in all postsurgery periods analyzed. These results revealed that the WSAT may be an alternative to craniofacial bone reconstruction because the adipose tissue exhibited prominent immunoexpression of BMP2, which was coexpressed with stromal CD34+ cells, indicating the plasticity of CD34+ stem cells into osteoblasts, and in the adipocytes, facts that suggest bone tissue development through cellular transdifferentiation from adipocytes.
本研究分析了自体破碎白色皮下脂肪组织（WSAT）对兔颅骨临界尺寸缺损骨愈合的影响。在42只兔子的颅骨上制造了直径15毫米的缺损，分别用86立方毫米的WSAT移植物治疗或仅用血凝块填充（对照组）。在术后7天、15天和40天对动物实施安乐死（n = 7），并使用抗CD34和骨形态发生蛋白-2（BMP2）抗体，通过组织形态计量学和免疫组织化学分析数据。仅用血凝块治疗的颅骨对集中在内皮细胞中的CD34呈阳性反应，而BMP2局限于缺损边缘。相比之下，用WSAT治疗的组显示脂肪细胞在细胞膜和细胞质中对BMP2呈阳性，同时有大量基质梭形细胞对CD34呈阳性且与BMP2同时出现；这些结果与在所有分析的术后时期沉积的更大骨基质相吻合。这些结果表明，WSAT可能是颅面骨重建的一种替代方法，因为脂肪组织表现出显著的BMP2免疫表达，且与基质CD34+细胞共表达，这表明CD34+干细胞可向成骨细胞转化，并且在脂肪细胞中也存在这种情况，这些事实提示骨组织通过脂肪细胞的细胞转分化而发育。
