Khazaie Habibolah, Tahmasian Masoud, Ghadami Mohammad R, Safaei Hooman, Ekhtiari Hamed, Samadzadeh Sara, Schwebel David C, Russo Michael B
Sleep Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2010 Spring;5(2):74-7.
Because of on-call responsibilities, many medical residents are subjected to chronic partial sleep deprivation, a form of sleep restriction whereby individuals have chronic patterns of insufficient sleep. It is unclear whether deterioration in cognitive processing skills due to chronic partial sleep deprivation among medical residents would influence educational exposure or patient safety.
Twenty-six medical residents were recruited to participate in the study. Participants wore an Actigraph over a period of 5 consecutive days and nights so their sleep pattern could be recorded. Thirteen participants worked on services that forced chronic partial sleep deprivation (<6 hours of sleep per 24h for 5 consecutive days and nights). The other thirteen residents worked on services that permitted regular and adequate sleep patterns. Following the 5-day sleep monitoring period, the participants completed the three following cognitive tasks: (a) the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to assess abstract reasoning and prefrontal cortex performance; (b) the Time Perception Task (TPT) to assess time estimation and time reproduction skills; and (c) the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to assess decision-making ability.
The results of independent samples t-tests found no significant differences between the group who was chronically sleep deprived and the group who rested adequately (all ps > .05).
THESE RESULTS MAY HAVE EMERGED FOR SEVERAL POSSIBLE REASONS: (a) chronic partial sleep deprivation may have a lesser impact on prefrontal cortex function than on other cognitive functions; (b) fairly modest chronic sleep restriction may be less harmful than acute and more significant sleep restriction; or (c) our research may have suffered from poor statistical power. Future research is recommended.
由于值班职责，许多住院医师长期处于部分睡眠剥夺状态，这是一种睡眠受限形式，即个体存在长期睡眠不足的模式。尚不清楚住院医师因长期部分睡眠剥夺导致的认知加工技能下降是否会影响教育接触或患者安全。
招募了26名住院医师参与该研究。参与者连续5个日夜佩戴活动记录仪，以便记录他们的睡眠模式。13名参与者所在的科室导致长期部分睡眠剥夺（连续5个日夜每天睡眠不足6小时）。另外13名住院医师所在科室允许有规律且充足的睡眠模式。在为期5天的睡眠监测期结束后，参与者完成以下三项认知任务：（a）威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST），以评估抽象推理和前额叶皮质功能；（b）时间知觉任务（TPT），以评估时间估计和时间再现技能；（c）爱荷华赌博任务（IGT），以评估决策能力。
独立样本t检验结果显示，长期睡眠剥夺组和睡眠充足组之间没有显著差异（所有p值>.05）。
这些结果可能出于以下几个原因：（a）长期部分睡眠剥夺对前额叶皮质功能的影响可能小于对其他认知功能的影响；（b）相当适度的长期睡眠限制可能比急性且更严重的睡眠限制危害更小；或者（c）我们的研究可能存在统计功效不足的问题。建议未来开展进一步研究。
