Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42943. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042943. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
The aim of this study was to determine (i) the effect of maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on (i) the circulating levels of omentin-1 in cord and maternal plasma, and (ii) gene expression and release of omentin-1 from human placenta and adipose tissue. The effect of pregnancy on circulating omentin-1 levels was also determined.
Omentin-1 levels were measured in maternal and cord plasma from obese and non-obese normal glucose tolerant women (NGT; n = 44) and women with GDM (n = 39) at the time of term elective Caesarean section. Placenta and adipose tissue expression and release of omentin-1 was measured from 22 NGT and 22 GDM women collected at the time of term elective Caesarean section. Omentin-1 levels were also measured in maternal plasma from 13 NGT women at 11 and 28 weeks gestation and 7 weeks postpartum.
Maternal obesity was associated with significantly lower omentin-1 levels in maternal plasma; however, there was no effect of maternal obesity on cord omentin levels. Omentin-1 gene expression was lower in placenta and adipose tissue obtained from women with pre-existing obesity. In addition to this, adipose tissue release of omentin-1 was significantly lower from obese pregnant women. Omentin-1 levels were significantly lower in non-obese GDM compared to non-obese NGT women. However, there was no difference in omentin-1 levels between obese NGT and obese GDM women. There was no effect of GDM on cord omentin levels, and placental and adipose tissue omentin-1 expression. Maternal omentin-1 levels were negatively correlated with fetal birthweight and fetal ponderal index.
The data presented in this study demonstrate that pre-existing maternal obesity is associated with lower omentin-1 expression in placenta, adipose tissue and maternal plasma. Alteration in omentin-1 in pregnancy may influence the development of metabolic disorders in offspring later in life.
本研究旨在确定（i）母体肥胖和妊娠糖尿病（GDM）对（i）脐带和母体血浆中网膜素-1的循环水平，以及（ii）人胎盘和脂肪组织中网膜素-1的基因表达和释放的影响。还确定了妊娠对循环网膜素-1水平的影响。
在择期剖宫产时，测量肥胖和非肥胖糖耐量正常（NGT；n = 44）和 GDM 妇女（n = 39）的母血和脐血中网膜素-1水平。从 22 名 NGT 和 22 名 GDM 妇女在择期剖宫产时收集胎盘和脂肪组织中网膜素-1的表达和释放。还在 13 名 NGT 孕妇妊娠 11 周、28 周和产后 7 周时测量母血浆中网膜素-1水平。
母体肥胖与母血网膜素-1水平显著降低相关；然而，母体肥胖对脐带网膜素水平没有影响。来自肥胖孕妇的脂肪组织释放网膜素-1显著降低。与非肥胖 NGT 妇女相比，非肥胖 GDM 妇女的网膜素-1水平显著降低。然而，肥胖 NGT 和肥胖 GDM 妇女之间的网膜素-1水平没有差异。GDM 对脐带网膜素水平、胎盘和脂肪组织网膜素-1表达没有影响。母体网膜素-1水平与胎儿出生体重和胎儿体重指数呈负相关。
本研究提供的数据表明，先前存在的母体肥胖与胎盘、脂肪组织和母血中网膜素-1表达降低有关。妊娠中网膜素-1的改变可能会影响后代生命后期代谢紊乱的发生。
