Falkner B, Kushner H
Department of Pediatrics, Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102.
Hypertension. 1990 Jan;15(1):36-43. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.15.1.36.
The effect of long-term oral sodium loading on blood pressure and on stress-induced cardiovascular response was studied in normotensive and marginally hypertensive young adults. The 121 subjects, 18-23 years old, included 38 whites and 83 blacks. Blood pressure and heart rate response to the stress of mental arithmetic was measured before and after 14 days of sodium load, which consisted of 10 g NaCl/day added to the usual diet. A sodium-sensitive response to sodium load occurred in 18.4% of whites and 37.3% of blacks. Sodium-insensitive subjects had a higher rate of sodium excretion (p less than 0.001). Sodium-sensitive hypertensive subjects had a significantly greater weight gain (p less than 0.001). A significant correlation between blood pressure change and sodium excretion (r = -0.28, p less than 0.01) occurred in the sodium-sensitive group. The high sodium intake did not augment the blood pressure or heart rate response to the beta-adrenergic-mediated stimulus of mental arithmetic in the population when grouped by blood pressure, race, or sodium sensitivity. These results suggest that blood pressure increase in response to sodium load, particularly in blacks, is related to functional changes in peripheral vascular resistance.
在血压正常和轻度高血压的年轻成年人中，研究了长期口服钠负荷对血压以及对应激诱导的心血管反应的影响。121名年龄在18至23岁之间的受试者，包括38名白人和83名黑人。在钠负荷14天前后，测量了对心算应激的血压和心率反应，钠负荷包括在日常饮食中每天添加10克氯化钠。18.4%的白人以及37.3%的黑人对钠负荷出现了钠敏感反应。钠不敏感的受试者钠排泄率更高（p<0.001）。钠敏感的高血压受试者体重增加显著更多（p<0.001）。在钠敏感组中，血压变化与钠排泄之间存在显著相关性（r=-0.28，p<0.01）。当按血压、种族或钠敏感性分组时，高钠摄入并未增强该人群对心算的β-肾上腺素能介导刺激的血压或心率反应。这些结果表明，对钠负荷的血压升高，尤其是在黑人中，与外周血管阻力的功能变化有关。
