National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2012 Oct;10(10):681-92. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2872. Epub 2012 Sep 10.
An estimated 5% of human cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, and most of these cancers are of the cervix. Two prophylactic HPV vaccines that target the two most oncogenic virus types, HPV16 and HPV18, are now commercially available. In controlled clinical trials, the vaccines proved to be effective at preventing incident anogenital infection and the associated neoplastic disease that is induced by these virus types. Here, we highlight the specific aspects of HPV biology and vaccine composition that are likely to contribute to the efficacy of these vaccines, and we discuss how these particular features might or might not be relevant for the development of effective vaccines against other sexually transmitted viruses such as HIV and herpes simplex virus (HSV).
据估计，5%的人类癌症是由人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染引起的，其中大多数癌症发生在宫颈。目前有两种针对两种最致癌病毒类型 HPV16 和 HPV18 的预防性 HPV 疫苗已上市。在对照临床试验中，这些疫苗被证明能有效预防肛门生殖器感染和由这些病毒类型引起的相关肿瘤疾病。在这里，我们强调 HPV 生物学和疫苗组成的特定方面，这些方面可能有助于这些疫苗的功效，我们还讨论了这些特定特征对于开发针对其他性传播病毒（如 HIV 和单纯疱疹病毒（HSV））的有效疫苗是否可能相关或不相关。
