Zeng Hong-mei, Zheng Rong-shou, Zhang Si-wei, Zhao Ping, He Jie, Chen Wan-qing
National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Beijing 100021, China.
Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2012 Jul;34(7):525-31. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2012.07.011.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in China. The study aimed to examine the temporal trend of cancer mortality rate during 1989-2008 in urban and rural areas of China.
The mortality data of all cancers from 1989 to 2008 from National Cancer Registry database were sorted and checked. Age standardized mortality rates were calculated by the direct methods using the China population of 1982 and World Segi's population. Joinpoint regression was performed to obtain the annual percentage changes (APC) in mortality rates. The top ten cancer sites were calculated and analyzed. The mortality rates were compared with statistics of the United States.
From 1989 to 2008, the trend of crude cancer mortality increased with an annual percentage change (APC) of 1.0%. After age standardization, the mortality rate was significantly decreased, with an APC of -1.2%. In urban areas, lung cancer was the most common cancer of death, whereas in rural areas, stomach cancer and esophageal cancer remained top cancers of death. Especially, in both urban and rural areas, the mortality of lung cancer was on increase. The mortality rates of stomach and esophageal cancers showed a decrease in urban areas. Compared with the cancer mortality rates of the United States, the Chinese cancer mortality rate in males remained highest. The decreasing trend of cancer mortality in females of China was less obvious than that of the United States.
The crude mortality rates of cancer in China show an increase whereas the age standardized mortality raters has declined between 1989 and 2008. Cancer is still a major public health issue threatening people's life in China. Effective intervention for cancer control and prevention is needed in the future.
癌症是中国主要的死亡原因之一。本研究旨在探讨1989 - 2008年期间中国城乡地区癌症死亡率的时间趋势。
对国家癌症登记数据库中1989年至2008年所有癌症的死亡率数据进行整理和核对。采用1982年中国人口和世界Segi人口，通过直接法计算年龄标准化死亡率。进行Joinpoint回归以获得死亡率的年度百分比变化（APC）。计算并分析了十大癌症部位。将死亡率与美国的统计数据进行比较。
1989年至2008年，癌症粗死亡率呈上升趋势，年度百分比变化（APC）为1.0%。年龄标准化后，死亡率显著下降，APC为 -1.2%。在城市地区，肺癌是最常见的死亡癌症，而在农村地区，胃癌和食管癌仍然是主要的死亡癌症。特别是，在城乡地区，肺癌死亡率均呈上升趋势。城市地区胃癌和食管癌的死亡率呈下降趋势。与美国的癌症死亡率相比，中国男性的癌症死亡率仍然最高。中国女性癌症死亡率的下降趋势不如美国明显。
1989年至2008年期间，中国癌症粗死亡率呈上升趋势，而年龄标准化死亡率呈下降趋势。癌症在中国仍然是威胁人们生命的主要公共卫生问题。未来需要采取有效的癌症控制和预防干预措施。
