Department of Epidemiology, 'Mario Negri' Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy; Section of Medical Statistics and Biometry 'Giulio A. Maccacaro', Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Section of Medical Statistics and Biometry 'Giulio A. Maccacaro', Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Ann Oncol. 2012 Dec;23(12):3024-3039. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds197. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
The relationship between diet and cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) has been investigated through dietary patterns.
Published studies on the relationship between a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns and UADT cancers were selected through a Medline search.
Twenty-four case-control studies were identified. Most of them identified a posteriori dietary patterns, mainly using principal component factor analysis, and a few used a priori dietary patterns, based on the available evidence on known effects of dietary habits on UADT cancers. In one study, no association was found between the identified patterns and UADT cancers. All the remaining 23 papers reported at least one favorable or unfavorable dietary pattern related to UADT cancers. The most consistent findings are the beneficial role of a dietary pattern based on fruit and vegetables or nutrients mostly contained in such foods, and the unfavorable role of an alcohol drinker pattern. A possible unfavorable role of patterns based on meats and animal products emerged as well.
The consistency of results among populations indicates that diets rich in fruit and vegetables, and poor in alcohol and animal products are favorable for UADT cancers.
通过饮食模式研究了饮食与上呼吸消化道（UADT）癌症之间的关系。
通过 Medline 搜索，选择了关于饮食模式与 UADT 癌症之间关系的已发表研究。
确定了 24 项病例对照研究。其中大多数研究确定了后天的饮食模式，主要使用主成分因子分析，少数研究根据饮食习惯对 UADT 癌症的已知影响，使用了先验饮食模式。在一项研究中，未发现所确定的模式与 UADT 癌症之间存在关联。其余 23 篇论文均报告了至少一种与 UADT 癌症相关的有利或不利的饮食模式。最一致的发现是基于水果和蔬菜或此类食物中所含营养物质的饮食模式具有有益作用，而饮酒者模式则不利。也可能存在基于肉类和动物产品的模式不利的情况。
人群之间结果的一致性表明，富含水果和蔬菜、酒精和动物产品摄入少的饮食有益于 UADT 癌症。
