Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan.
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan.
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9701. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08802-4.
Although alcohol is an established risk factor of head and neck cancer (HNC), insufficiencies exist in the literature in several aspects. We analyzed detailed alcohol consumption data (amount and type of alcoholic beverage) of 811 HNC patients and 940 controls to evaluate the association between alcohol and HNC by HNC sites and by genotypes of ADH1B and ALDH2. Alcohol was associated with an increased HNC risk in a dose-response relationship, with the highest risk observed for hypopharyngeal cancer, followed by oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancers. Liquor showed a stronger positive association with HNC than beer and wine. The highest HNC risk occurred in individuals with the slow ADH1B and slow/non-functional ALDH2 genotype combination. In our study population, 21.8% of HNCs, 55.7% of oropharyngeal cancers, and 89.1% of hypopharyngeal cancers could be attributed to alcohol. Alcohol accounted for 47.3% of HNCs among individuals with the slow ADH1B and slow/non-functional ALDH2 genotype combination. The HNC risk associated with alcohol became comparable to that of never/occasional drinkers after ten or more years of cessation from regular alcohol drinking. In conclusion, alcohol use is associated with an increased HNC risk, particularly for individuals with slow ethanol metabolism. HNC incidence may be reduced by alcohol cessation.
虽然酒精是头颈部癌症（HNC）的既定危险因素，但文献在几个方面仍存在不足。我们分析了 811 名 HNC 患者和 940 名对照者的详细酒精摄入量数据（酒精饮料的数量和类型），以评估酒精与 HNC 之间的关联，并根据 HNC 部位和 ADH1B 和 ALDH2 的基因型进行分析。酒精与 HNC 风险呈剂量反应关系，与下咽癌的相关性最强，其次是口咽癌和喉癌。与啤酒和葡萄酒相比，白酒与 HNC 的正相关性更强。ADH1B 代谢缓慢且 ALDH2 功能低下的个体发生 HNC 的风险最高。在我们的研究人群中，21.8%的 HNC、55.7%的口咽癌和 89.1%的下咽癌归因于酒精。在 ADH1B 代谢缓慢且 ALDH2 功能低下的个体中，酒精占 HNC 的 47.3%。停止定期饮酒 10 年或更长时间后，与从不/偶尔饮酒者相比，酒精与 HNC 风险的相关性变得相当。总之，饮酒与 HNC 风险增加有关，尤其是对于乙醇代谢缓慢的个体。酒精戒断可能会降低 HNC 的发病率。
